{
  "abstract": "Supramolecular gel polymer electrolytes (SGPEs) based on UPyMA and PETEA were prepared with 1 M LiTFSI and 10 wt% TTE using sulfolane, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA), or N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as the solvent. Structural characterization supported polymer formation and retention of the UPy hydrogen-bonding motifs. The solvent-dependent physicochemical and electrochemical characteristics of the formulations were compared by thermal analysis, viscosity measurements, electrochemical characterization, and Li–O2 cell testing. Among the tested SGPEs, the sulfolane-based formulation exhibited the highest apparent anodic oxidation onset, approximately 5.5 V vs. Li/Li+ under the employed linear-sweep voltammetry conditions. At 0.05 mA cm−2, the DMSO-based cell delivered a full-discharge capacity of 3135 mAh g−1, compared with 2133 mAh g−1 for the sulfolane-based cell. In contrast, under capacity-limited cycling at 500 mAh g−1, the sulfolane-based cell showed the longest cycling among the tested formulations, with the reported trace maintaining discharge capacities above 400 mAh g−1 through 30 cycles. Post-cycling FE-SEM and XRD revealed cathode deposits and changes in detectable crystalline products between discharge and charge. These results demonstrate divergent solvent-dependent performance within a common SGPE framework: DMSO favored full-discharge capacity, whereas sulfolane favored extended capacity-limited cycling under the tested conditions. The findings highlight that maximizing discharge capacity and sustaining repeated cycling represent distinct considerations in solvent selection for Li–O2 SGPEs.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology Toyosu, Koto-Ku Tokyo 135-8548 Japan",
    "College of Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology Toyosu, Koto-Ku Tokyo 135-8548 Japan"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Toshiki Aizawa"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Toshiki Iwato"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hayato Takada"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Kentaro Ogihara"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Takahiro Ishizaki",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6177-7890"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7mtmgvd4a3cw4.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1039/d6ra07677g",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13657200/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "7mtmgvd4a3cw4",
  "issns": [
    "2046-2069"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13657200",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Chemistry"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2208|Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221574462",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13657200/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13657200",
  "pmid": "42866638",
  "published": "2026-10-12",
  "publisher": "Royal Society of Chemistry",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7mtmgvd4a3cw4.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:25Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13657200",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13657200"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-01T12:23:36Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13657200",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1039/d6ra07677g"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "heading:Chemistry",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Solvent-dependent electrochemical performance of UPyMA–PETEA supramolecular gel polymer electrolytes for lithium–oxygen batteries",
  "title_text": "Solvent-dependent electrochemical performance of UPyMA–PETEA supramolecular gel polymer electrolytes for lithium–oxygen batteries",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-02T12:20:50Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7mtmgvd4a3cw4",
  "venue": "RSC advances",
  "versions": []
}