{
  "abstract": "Lead (Pb) paint still sold in Côte d’Ivoire represents a potential health risk for children in particular. To evaluate this risk, pregnant women were recruited and provided with (1) infographics on the risks of Pb exposure, (2) a kit to test paint for Pb at home, and (3) a survey of home paint for Pb using X-ray fluorescence (XRF). XRF readings for painted surfaces exceeded 100, 1,000, and 10,000 mg/kg for 275 (61%), 104 (23%) and 8 (2%) of a total of 454 spots also tested with the kit, averaging 1,100 mg/kg Pb. Kit results were negative for 99% of surfaces with paint XRF readings ≤100 mg/kg Pb and positive for 41% of surface XRF readings >100 mg/kg, with most discrepancies attributable to Pb paint covered by paint with little Pb. The widespread occurrence of surficial Pb paint in Abidjan is therefore detectable with a simple kit. Tap water samples were also collected but Pb concentrations were below 10 µg/L with only a few exceptions. Blood-lead level (BLL) measurements were obtained using the LeadCare II for a subset of households but an association between Pb concentrations in paint and BLLs could not be demonstrated. Median BLLs were 57.0 µg/L for 28 children and 44.0 µg/L for 45 adults. Median Pb concentrations of painted surfaces assessed by XRF were 336 mg/kg for children with BLL<100 µg/L and 1,258 mg/kg for children with BLL≥100 µg/L (p=0.56).",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 15,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Florence Bodeau-Livinec"
    },
    {
      "name": "Stéphanie dos Santos"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jacques Gardon"
    },
    {
      "name": "Véronique Gille"
    },
    {
      "name": "Flore Gubert"
    },
    {
      "name": "Franck Houffoué"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mawa Koné"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hugues Kouadio"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ernest Kouassi Ahoussi"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mathias Yao Kouassi"
    },
    {
      "name": "Epiphane Marahoua"
    },
    {
      "name": "Camille Medy Nongbe"
    },
    {
      "name": "Camille Saint-Macary"
    },
    {
      "name": "Petanki Soro"
    },
    {
      "name": "Alexander van Geen"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7ncx55tzct2dz.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.heha.2026.100198",
  "fulltext_url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773049226000322",
  "id": "7ncx55tzct2dz",
  "issns": [
    "2773-0492"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://ehesp.hal.science/hal-05830655v1",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "hal",
      "0.sdv"
    ],
    [
      "hal",
      "1.sdv.spee"
    ],
    [
      "lcc",
      "GE1-350"
    ],
    [
      "lcc",
      "RA1-1270"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2307|Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221694166",
  "pdf_url": "https://ehesp.hal.science/hal-05830655/document",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-13",
  "publisher": "Elsevier",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7ncx55tzct2dz.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:00Z",
      "native_id": "hal-05830655",
      "source": "hal",
      "url": "https://ehesp.hal.science/hal-05830655v1"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:44:59Z",
      "native_id": "f6c24884bfee4cbb966ef740f12faa34",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heha.2026.100198"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "hal:0.sdv",
      "subfield": "general"
    },
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "hal:1.sdv.spee",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Lead paint detection and child blood-lead levels in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.",
  "title_text": "Lead paint detection and child blood-lead levels in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T13:44:59Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7ncx55tzct2dz",
  "venue": "Hygiene and Environmental Health Advances",
  "versions": []
}