{
  "abstract": "We present a nonhydrostatic ocean model with a horizontally unstructured, C-grid and a moving, generalized vertical coordinate (GVC) designed for the simulation of nonhydrostatic processes in realistic ocean domains. The GVC system can represent any of the well-known z-level, terrain-following, or isopycnal coordinates while also being able to employ hybrid vertical coordinates. In this paper we outline the specific steps needed to incorporate the GVC system into the unstructured, C-grid, nonhydrostatic, z-coordinate SUNTANS model of Fringer et al. (2006). The approach is adapted from the nonhydrostatic, isopycnal-coordinate method of Vitousek and Fringer (2014), yet our model differs from that implementation through the development of a conservative momentum advection scheme and a positivity-preserving layer height scheme for horizontally unstructured grids. We validate the momentum advection implementation with simulations of a turbulent channel flow and demonstrate the advantages of the hybrid vertical coordinate approach over z- or terrain-following coordinates through simulations of internal solitary waves and the associated bottom boundary layer instability.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2607.28356",
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "B. J. Pauken"
    },
    {
      "name": "L. Yue"
    },
    {
      "name": "Y. Zhang"
    },
    {
      "name": "S. Vitousek"
    },
    {
      "name": "O. B. Fringer"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7pm66wa091f88.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2607.28356",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "7pm66wa091f88",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.28356",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "physics.ao-ph"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "physics.flu-dyn"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1910|Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7171947178",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2607.28356",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-04",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7pm66wa091f88.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-06T18:21:30Z",
      "native_id": "2607.28356",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.28356"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "earth",
      "origin": "arxiv:physics.ao-ph",
      "subfield": "atmospheric"
    },
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:physics.flu-dyn",
      "subfield": "fluid-dynamics"
    }
  ],
  "title": "An unstructured-grid, nonhydrostatic, GVC ocean model Part I: Model description and application of vertical hybrid coordinates to internal solitary waves",
  "title_text": "An unstructured-grid, nonhydrostatic, GVC ocean model Part I: Model description and application of vertical hybrid coordinates to internal solitary waves",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T00:20:33Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7pm66wa091f88",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}