{
  "abstract": "Background\n\nClevidipine and nicardipine are commonly used intravenous calcium channel blockers for the management of hypertensive crises. However, comparative evidence regarding their efficacy and safety remains limited.Methods\n\nWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and observational studies comparing intravenous clevidipine and nicardipine in adults with hypertensive crises. The primary outcome was achievement of target blood pressure reduction. Secondary outcomes included medication volume and blood pressure over-reduction. Random-effects models were used, and certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE framework.Results\n\nThree studies involving 599 patients were included. Clevidipine and nicardipine demonstrated comparable achievement of target blood pressure reduction (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.48-1.94; I² = 60%; very low-certainty evidence). Clevidipine was associated with lower odds of blood pressure over-reduction (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.21-0.93; I² = 0%) and lower medication volume (MD - 258.43 mL, 95% CI - 313.38 to - 203.48 mL; I² = 0%).Conclusion\n\nClevidipine and nicardipine demonstrated comparable efficacy in achieving target blood pressure reduction in hypertensive crises. Although clevidipine was associated with lower odds of blood pressure over-reduction and lower medication volume, the evidence base was limited and the certainty of evidence for the primary outcome was very low. These findings should be interpreted cautiously and considered hypothesis-generating until confirmed by larger, high-quality randomized controlled trials.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Indiana University School of Medicine, Muncie, Indiana, United States. habid@iu.edu.",
    "King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.",
    "Allama Iqbal MedicalCollege, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.",
    "Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan.",
    "Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.",
    "Khyber Medical College Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan."
  ],
  "article_type": "systematic review",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hassaan Abid"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Syed Mohamin Abbas Shah"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Amina Zia Rashid"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Bisma Tasawar"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Rimsha Adnan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Sohana Memon"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Gaaitri Lohano"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Muhammad Jawad"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Muhammad Vazaym"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Muhammad Junaid"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7qbm1j5b2d6f1.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1186/s12872-026-06345-z",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13681746",
  "id": "7qbm1j5b2d6f1",
  "issns": [
    "1471-2261"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42897471",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "RC666-701"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2705|Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7170553360",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13681746?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13681746",
  "pmid": "42897471",
  "published": "2026-07-01",
  "publisher": "BMC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7qbm1j5b2d6f1.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:41Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42897471",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42897471"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:45:38Z",
      "native_id": "bef829c5e11e475bafdcbb4800fde01f",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-026-06345-z"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2705|Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies",
      "subfield": "cardiovascular"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Clevidipine vs. nicardipine in hypertensive crisis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.",
  "title_text": "Clevidipine vs. nicardipine in hypertensive crisis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T13:45:38Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7qbm1j5b2d6f1",
  "venue": "BMC cardiovascular disorders",
  "versions": []
}