{
  "abstract": "We present Suêtes, a fully differentiable, non-hydrostatic, limited-area atmospheric dynamical core implemented in JAX. Suêtes includes both a semi-implicit semi-Lagrangian scheme and a Split-Explicit Runge-Kutta scheme with acoustic substepping, enabling applications from coarse regional simulations to convection-permitting dynamics. Its terrain-following geometry, spatial discretization, time integration, initial conditions, lateral boundary treatment, and included physical parameterizations are all compatible with reverse-mode automatic differentiation. A single reverse-mode pass can therefore compute sensitivities of forecast diagnostics to selected initial and boundary fields, physical parameters, topography, and computational geometry. We provide a series of numerical experiments---including a tracer-source inverse problem, a sensitivity analysis of a three-dimensional squall-line, adversarial perturbation construction an ERA5-driven downslope hurricane force wind event, topography optimization, and terrain-following coordinate optimization---demonstrating the versatility of Suêtes as a framework for gradient-based diagnosis and model development at regional and convection-permitting scale.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.36381",
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Tim Whittaker"
    },
    {
      "name": "Seth Taylor"
    },
    {
      "name": "Elsa Cardoso-Bihlo"
    },
    {
      "name": "Alejandro Di Luca"
    },
    {
      "name": "Alex Bihlo"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7s6p8adyrfhbm.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.36381",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "7s6p8adyrfhbm",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.36381",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-SA 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "math.DS"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "physics.ao-ph"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "physics.flu-dyn"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1902|Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214977154",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.36381",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-28",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7s6p8adyrfhbm.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:25:31Z",
      "native_id": "2609.36381",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.36381"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "earth",
      "origin": "arxiv:physics.ao-ph",
      "subfield": "atmospheric"
    },
    {
      "field": "mathematics",
      "origin": "arxiv:math.DS",
      "subfield": "dynamical-systems"
    },
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:physics.flu-dyn",
      "subfield": "fluid-dynamics"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Suêtes: An end-to-end differentiable non-hydrostatic limited-area dynamical core",
  "title_text": "Suêtes: An end-to-end differentiable non-hydrostatic limited-area dynamical core",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:25:35Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7s6p8adyrfhbm",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}