{
  "abstract": "Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare opportunistic infection of the central nervous system (CNS) observed in immunocompromised individuals. We retrospectively evaluated the clinical courses of PML in patients with hematological malignancies at North Japan Hematology Study Group institutions, using patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection as a reference. Eight PML patients had hematological malignancies and 9 had HIV infection. CD4 + T cell counts were markedly low in patients with hematological malignancies (median 168/μl, range 48.4–330/μl) and did not differ significantly from those in patients with HIV infection (median 28/μl, range 8–225.4/μl). IgG levels were significantly lower in patients with hematological malignancies (median 643.5 mg/dL, range 205–2478 mg/dL) than in patients with with HIV infection (median 1691.5 mg/dL, range 1304–3014 mg/dL) (p < 0.01). Almost all patients with hematological malignancies died after progression of PML (median time from onset to death, 136 days). In contrast, seven patients with HIV infection were alive at the end of follow-up. The incidence of PML in patients with hematological malignancies may increase with the introduction of new antibody drugs and cellular therapies in future. Considering the poor prognosis, greater caution is warranted regarding this serious complication.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Blood Disorders Center, Aiiku Hospital, Sapporo, Japan",
    "Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan",
    "Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan",
    "Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan",
    "Department of Hematology, Sapporo Hokuyu Hospital, Sapporo, Japan",
    "Department of Hematology, Sapporo Kosei General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan",
    "Department of Hematology, Kushiro Rosai Hospital, Kushiro, Japan",
    "Department of Hematology, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan",
    "Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan",
    "Department of Hematology/Oncology, Asahikawa Kosei General Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan",
    "Department of Hematology, Kitami Red Cross Hospital, Kitami, Japan",
    "Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Yahaba, Japan",
    "Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 17,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Emi Yokoyama",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1207-2138"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Taisuke Harada"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Tomoyuki Endo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Hideki Goto"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Junichi Sugita"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Masayuki Aiba"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Mutsumi Takahata"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Takuto Miyagishima"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Hajime Senjo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Satoshi Iyama"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Shuichiro Takahashi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Masayo Yamamoto"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Motohiro Shindo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9
      ],
      "name": "Kazuya Sato"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        10
      ],
      "name": "Junichi Hashiguchi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        11
      ],
      "name": "Tatsuo Oyake"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        12
      ],
      "name": "Takanori Teshima"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7tmnsrj44234a.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1007/s12185-026-04256-5",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13719758/",
  "id": "7tmnsrj44234a",
  "issns": [
    "0925-5710",
    "1865-3774"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12185-026-04256-5",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2730|Polyomavirus and related diseases"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7170400838",
  "pdf_url": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12185-026-04256-5.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13719758",
  "pmid": "42498876",
  "published": "2026-07-24",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7tmnsrj44234a.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-02T12:23:40Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13719758",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s12185-026-04256-5"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2730|Polyomavirus and related diseases",
      "subfield": "oncology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Characteristics of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in hematological malignancies, With reference to HIV-infected patients",
  "title_text": "Characteristics of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in hematological malignancies, With reference to HIV-infected patients",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-03T12:20:46Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7tmnsrj44234a",
  "venue": "International Journal of Hematology",
  "versions": []
}