{
  "abstract": "Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is characterized by inflammatory heterogeneity, epithelial hyperplasia, and tissue remodeling, with spatial pathology critical for deciphering pathological mechanisms and guiding clinical practice. Conventional histopathological techniques rely on subjective visual evaluation, limited by inadequate spatial resolution of molecular markers and imprecise quantitative analysis. Recent advances show that spatial transcriptomics reveals nasal polyps (NP) inflammatory heterogeneity; deep learning enables automated inflammatory subset identification and precise endotype prediction; artificial intelligence (AI)‐integrated frameworks transform assessment of tissue remodeling, angiogenesis, and fibro‐inflammatory niches. AI‐enabled spatial pathology bridges morphological and molecular signatures, refines NP endotyping, and paves the way for targeted biologic therapies and precision care. This review summarizes progress in conventional and emerging spatial pathology approaches for NP, focusing on AI‐enabled tools and their clinical translation potential.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China",
    "Department of Allergy The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 13,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zi‐Xuan Hua"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Xin Luo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ning Kang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ze‐Zhi Guo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Man‐Hou Chao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hua‐Mei Yan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Wan‐Xin Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Tong Wu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zi‐Qi Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xue‐Kun Huang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ya‐Na Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zhao‐Hui Shi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Qin‐Tai Yang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7w7wkpmk8cwpz.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1002/wjo2.70145",
  "fulltext_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/wjo2.70145",
  "id": "7w7wkpmk8cwpz",
  "issns": [
    "2589-1081",
    "2095-8811"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/wjo2.70145",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "RD1-811"
    ],
    [
      "lcc",
      "RF1-547"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2733|Sinusitis and nasal conditions"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7204490340",
  "pdf_url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/wjo2.70145",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-23",
  "publisher": "Wiley",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7w7wkpmk8cwpz.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:44:02Z",
      "native_id": "f559faf9b2914a85af20d294717357d3",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/wjo2.70145"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "lcc:RD1-811",
      "subfield": "surgery"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Current Advances in Spatial Pathology of Nasal Polyps: Challenges, Opportunities for Artificial Intelligence, and Future Directions",
  "title_text": "Current Advances in Spatial Pathology of Nasal Polyps: Challenges, Opportunities for Artificial Intelligence, and Future Directions",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T13:44:02Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7w7wkpmk8cwpz",
  "venue": "World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery",
  "versions": []
}