{
  "abstract": "Objective\n\nTo reveal the clinical diagnostic value of peripheral blood morphological examination by observing the morphological changes of peripheral blood in patients with type I and type II cryoglobulinemia.Methods\n\nThis study included 11 patients from Peking Union Medical College Hospital who showed cryoglobulin crystal changes in peripheral blood morphology. Of these, 6 cases were diagnosed by electrophoresis as type I cryoglobulinemia and 5 as type II cryoglobulinemia, and their morphological changes were comprehensively summarized.Results\n\nMorphological examination of samples containing cryoglobulin crystals revealed the following findings: (1) In type I cryoglobulinemia, erythrocytes were observed encircling the cryoglobulin crystals, whereas in type II cryoglobulinemia, erythrocytes typically did not encircle the crystals unless cryoglobulin levels reached a specific threshold. (2) The morphology of the cryoglobulin crystals varied with time and temperature. (3) Under the microscope, cryoglobulin crystals in type I cryoglobulinemia appeared pale pink, whereas in type II cryoglobulinemia they were light gray and very faint, making them difficult to observe; imaging systems or automated scanners were therefore needed for better visualization.Conclusion\n\nCompared with normal blood smears, cryoglobulin crystals exhibited significant morphological changes. The use of wet blood smears, low-power lenses, and oil-immersion lenses can reveal diverse morphological features that may vary with time and temperature. Therefore, timely attention to peripheral blood morphological changes plays a crucial role in clinical laboratory testing.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.",
    "Beijing Xiaoying Technology Co., LTD, Beijing, 100084, China."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Shengli Sun"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Geng Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xin Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Zhejun Fang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Wei Wu"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7ww66chkn8j3a.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.plabm.2026.e00560",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13685986",
  "id": "7ww66chkn8j3a",
  "issns": [
    "2352-5517"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42910020",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2737|Clinical Laboratory Practices and Quality Control"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214763567",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13685986?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13685986",
  "pmid": "42910020",
  "published": "2026-09-29",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7ww66chkn8j3a.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:14Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42910020",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42910020"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2737|Clinical Laboratory Practices and Quality Control",
      "subfield": "physiology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Morphological changes in peripheral blood of patients with type I and type II cryoglobulinemia.",
  "title_text": "Morphological changes in peripheral blood of patients with type I and type II cryoglobulinemia.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:14Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7ww66chkn8j3a",
  "venue": "Practical laboratory medicine",
  "versions": []
}