{
  "abstract": "The third McMaster Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) Summit was held on 7 November 2025 and focused on comparing the mechanisms, diagnoses, and treatments with warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (wAIHA) to inform our understanding of ITP. Topics compared the clinical presentation and laboratory diagnosis, pathophysiology, and current and emerging therapies. Key messages were that ITP and wAIHA share similar immune mechanisms, including pathogenic autoantibodies against platelets or red blood cells (RBCs), immune-mediated cellular pathways leading to platelet or RBC clearance, complement activation, and broader immune dysregulation. However, there are several distinct differences: ITP is more common than wAIHA; the spleen is enlarged in wAIHA but not primary ITP; the autoantibody in ITP is not readily detectable, whereas an RBC autoantibody can be found in the vast majority of patients with wAIHA; and anti-CD20 therapy appears to be more effective in wAIHA compared with ITP. Emerging therapies targeting B-cell signaling, plasma cells, neonatal Fc receptor, complement, and other immune pathways will expand treatment options and clarify disease biology. The summit also highlighted the patient experience of living with wAIHA and ITP and the importance of incorporating patient experience into therapeutic decision-making. Future priorities include improving diagnostic algorithms for ITP, identifying biomarkers of ITP disease activity and treatment response, and developing individualized treatment strategies based on the underlying disease mechanism.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Medical Affairs and Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Toronto, ON, Canada.",
    "Department of Medicine, Michael G. DeGroote Centre for Transfusion Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.",
    "Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.",
    "Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelam School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA.",
    "Department of Medicine, Perelam School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA.",
    "Medical Faculty of Tübingen, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Transfusion Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.",
    "Centre for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, Tübingen, Germany.",
    "Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.",
    "Department of Research, Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.",
    "Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.",
    "Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA.",
    "Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA.",
    "Hematology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.",
    "Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.",
    "wAIHA Warriors (patient advocacy organization), Marion, OH.",
    "Platelet Disorder Support Association, Cleveland, OH.",
    "Department of Hematology and Thromboembolism, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada."
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 17,
  "authors": [
    {
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        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Nicole Relke"
    },
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        2
      ],
      "name": "Fatema Hossain"
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    {
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        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Saifur R Chowdhury"
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    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Syed Mahamad"
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    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Ali Eshaghpour"
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    {
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        3,
        4
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      "name": "Douglas B Cines"
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        6
      ],
      "name": "Tamam Bakchoul"
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    {
      "affs": [
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      "name": "Shruti Chaturvedi"
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    {
      "affs": [
        8,
        9
      ],
      "name": "Rick Kapur"
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    {
      "affs": [
        10,
        11
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      "name": "Sandhya Panch"
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    {
      "affs": [
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      "name": "David J Kuter"
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    {
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      ],
      "name": "Rachael F Grace"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
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      ],
      "name": "Karen Jones"
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    {
      "affs": [
        15
      ],
      "name": "Caroline Kruse"
    },
    {
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        16
      ],
      "name": "Mohammad Refaei"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Ishac Nazy"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Donald M Arnold"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7x7e4td6f7hk2.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.bvth.2026.100215",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13744369",
  "id": "7x7e4td6f7hk2",
  "issns": [
    "2950-3272"
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  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42999908",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2720|Platelet Disorders and Treatments"
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  "openalex": "W7212937841",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13744369?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13744369",
  "pmid": "42999908",
  "published": "2026-09-14",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7x7e4td6f7hk2.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-09T15:20:41Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42999908",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42999908"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2720|Platelet Disorders and Treatments",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "The 2025 McMaster Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) Summit: insights from autoimmune hemolytic anemia.",
  "title_text": "The 2025 McMaster Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) Summit: insights from autoimmune hemolytic anemia.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T15:20:41Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7x7e4td6f7hk2",
  "venue": "Blood vessels, thrombosis & hemostasis",
  "versions": []
}