{
  "abstract": "We consider quantum devices restricted to local operations in 2D and subject to local stochastic noise below a constant threshold. We show that such circuits are computationally more powerful than AC0-circuits, i.e., noise-free, geometrically-unconstrained constant-depth classical circuits with unbounded fan-in AND, OR and NOT gates. To this end, we exhibit a computational problem with the following properties: (i) Any instance of the problem is correctly solved with high probability by a certain geometrically 2D-local quantum circuit even if the latter is imperfectly implemented, but (ii) any polynomial-size AC0-circuit fails to solve certain instances of the problem with constant probability. To our knowledge, this isthe first complexity-theoretic separation which applies to planar quantum devices, incorporates noise-resilience and is unconditional, i.e., does not rely on complexity-theoretic assumptions. This brings the experimental demonstration of an unconditional quantum advantage closer to experimental realities.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.40050",
  "author_total": 3,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Libor Caha"
    },
    {
      "name": "Robert Koenig"
    },
    {
      "name": "Louis Paletta"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7xkrgcyxejphx.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.40050",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "7xkrgcyxejphx",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.40050",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1702|Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7215104837",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.40050",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-30",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7xkrgcyxejphx.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:25:49Z",
      "native_id": "2609.40050",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.40050"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:quant-ph",
      "subfield": "quantum"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Unconditional quantum advantage with noisy planar architectures",
  "title_text": "Unconditional quantum advantage with noisy planar architectures",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:25:49Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7xkrgcyxejphx",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}