{
  "abstract": "Background\n\nLung cancer is closely linked to inflammation, with interleukins such as interleukin-8 (IL-8) playing a key role in disease development and progression. While IL-8 has been implicated in tumor-promoting processes, its direct effects on lung cancer cell behavior remain incompletely characterized.Objective\n\nTo assess the impact of IL-8 on cell viability and mRNA expression of pro-tumorigenic markers in A549 cells.Materials and methods\n\nCell viability was measured using MTT assay. The mRNA expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1), and interleukin-1α (IL-1α) were examined by RT-qPCR.Results\n\nTwo-way analysis revealed significant main effects for both timepoint and concentration on cell viability. Post hoc testing showed that IL-8 stimulation (0.5 ng/mL) induced a significant increase in A549 cell viability at the 24-hour timepoint. In contrast, prolonged stimulation (0.5 ng/mL) at 48 hours resulted in a marked downward trend in cell viability, followed by a return to baseline levels at 72 hours, indicating a highly dynamic, time-dependent cellular profile. At the transcriptional level, an initial upward trend in MMP-7 gene expression at a low concentration was not statistically significant following variance stabilization. Similarly, no significant changes in CXCL1 or IL-1α expression profiles were observed across concentrations.Conclusion\n\nIL-8 was found to exert selective, context-dependent effects on A549 lung cancer cells, driving early viability shifts and an upregulatory trend in MMP-7 expression. These findings underscore the nuanced role of IL-8 in the tumor microenvironment and warrant future functional assays to fully elucidate its underlying mechanisms in lung cancer.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zaridatul Aini Ibrahim"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ain Khadija Arif"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Suha Azizan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zher Pin Goh"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Muhammad Farid Nazer Muhammad Faruqu"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7z9b5nm39f45f.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.4103/sjmms.sjmms_343_26",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13727062",
  "id": "7z9b5nm39f45f",
  "issns": [
    "1658-631X",
    "2321-4856"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42974303",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-SA",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-SA",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2730|Chemokine receptors and signaling"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7222529319",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13727062?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13727062",
  "pmid": "42974303",
  "published": "2026-10-14",
  "publisher": "Wolters Kluwer -- Medknow Publications",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7z9b5nm39f45f.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T15:20:49Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42974303",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42974303"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-05T12:23:16Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13727062",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.4103/sjmms.sjmms_343_26"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2730|Chemokine receptors and signaling",
      "subfield": "oncology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Time- and Concentration-dependent Profiles of Cell Viability and Pro-tumorigenic Gene Expression Following Interleukin-8 Stimulation in A549 Lung Cancer Cells.",
  "title_text": "Time- and Concentration-dependent Profiles of Cell Viability and Pro-tumorigenic Gene Expression Following Interleukin-8 Stimulation in A549 Lung Cancer Cells.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-06T12:22:52Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/7z9b5nm39f45f",
  "venue": "Saudi journal of medicine & medical sciences",
  "versions": []
}