{
  "abstract": "Background\n\nPost-tuberculosis (TB) lung disease (PTLD) affects ∼50% of persons with pulmonary TB (PTB). We recently discovered whole blood transcriptional signatures associated with PTLD. We examined whether a minimum gene signature predicts PTLD as a clinically useful biomarker.Methods\n\nWe prospectively enrolled 301 treatment naive adults with newly diagnosed PTB (cohort A). We collected whole blood at 0 and 6-month visits, isolated RNA, and measured a modified MTB host response (HR) signature (mHR) based on expression of DUSP3, GBP5, and TMBIM6. We recorded spirometry at 6 (n = 216) and 12 months (n = 210) after treatment initiation and examined the association of the mHR score with PTLD and Mtb aerosolization. We recruited household contacts of cohort A to compare mHR score with non-PTB participants (cohort B).Results\n\nmHR was associated with TB (P = 4.15e-66) when compared to HHCs, treatment response (P = 1.07e-53), and characteristics including CD4 count (P = .003), bacillary load (P = 3.02e-05), lung cavities (P = 1.59e-04), and lung quadrants involved (P = 3.87e-06). The mHR score was not associated with Mtb aerosolization. In total, 105 (50%) participants had PTLD at 12 months including 61 with restriction, 26 with obstruction, and 18 with mixed obstruction and restriction. Baseline mHR was associated with obstructive PTLD at both 6 (P = .003) and 12 months (P = .012) in bivariate and multivariate analyses. The mHR score was not associated with restrictive lung disease.Conclusions\n\nBaseline mHR was associated with obstructive PTLD at 6 and 12 months and may have applications in targeting treatment and prognostication.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.",
    "Centre for Respiratory Diseases Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.",
    "Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.",
    "Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.",
    "Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 14,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Renee E Newby",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9840-2977"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Lucy Kijaro"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Kimberly A Dill-McFarland",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1481-7065"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Lilian N Njagi",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5067-0788"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Wilfred B Murithi",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4495-2957"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Zipporah Mwongera"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Moeko Agata"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Jodi Byers"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Glenna J Peterson"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Kevin P Fennelly"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Videlis Nduba",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2266-8349"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "David J Horne"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Jerry S Zifodya"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Thomas R Hawn",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2368-3185"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/80e433ernzr8v.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1093/ofid/ofag610",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13678225",
  "id": "80e433ernzr8v",
  "issns": [
    "2328-8957"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42898833",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2725|Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221117504",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13678225?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13678225",
  "pmid": "42898833",
  "published": "2026-10-09",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/80e433ernzr8v.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:37Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42898833",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42898833"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2725|Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology",
      "subfield": "infectious-disease"
    }
  ],
  "title": "A Whole-blood Transcriptional Signature Associated With Obstructive Post-tuberculosis Lung Disease.",
  "title_text": "A Whole-blood Transcriptional Signature Associated With Obstructive Post-tuberculosis Lung Disease.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:37Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/80e433ernzr8v",
  "venue": "Open forum infectious diseases",
  "versions": []
}