{
  "abstract": "Historical astronomical plates provide a long temporal baseline for time-domain astrophysics, but degradation and structural artifacts can hinder automated astrometric calibration. We present Plate-YOLO, a framework that combines source detection and stellar classification in one detector and supplies source catalogs to a separate astrometric solver. The detector adapts YOLOv5 with Space-to-Depth feature rearrangement, SimAM attention, a high-resolution P2 head, and a Normalized Wasserstein Distance loss for small bounding boxes. A Gaia-guided fine-tuning procedure uses initially solved plates to construct labels for a new archive. On 150 UBAI plates for which the conventional pipeline had failed, the Chinese-trained model solved 40 plates, and target-archive fine-tuning recovered a further 106, giving an overall recovery rate of 146/150 (97.3%). In the reported hardware configuration, source extraction took 6.61 s per plate for Plate-YOLO and 16.73 s for SExtractor. These results demonstrate the practical value of adapting source detection to degraded historical plates.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2610.25677",
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Quanfeng Xu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Zhengjun Shang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Shiyin Shen"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yong Yu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mingyang Ma"
    },
    {
      "name": "Zhenghong Tang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Meiting Yang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jing Yang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jianhai Zhao"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/81rqkmzrqmbrr.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2610.25677",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "81rqkmzrqmbrr",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.25677",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.IM"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3105|Astronomy and Astrophysical Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223026975",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.25677",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-19",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/81rqkmzrqmbrr.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:30:52Z",
      "native_id": "2610.25677",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.25677"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.IM",
      "subfield": "instrumentation-methods"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Plate-YOLO: An End-to-End Object Detection Framework for Robust Astrometric Registration of Historical Plates",
  "title_text": "Plate-YOLO: An End-to-End Object Detection Framework for Robust Astrometric Registration of Historical Plates",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:33:41Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/81rqkmzrqmbrr",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}