{
  "abstract": "Our understanding of how depolymerase sequence and structure determine substrate specificity is fragmentary due to the limited number of experimentally characterized enzymes. Here we show DepoCatalog - an experimentally validated collection of 129 recombinantly prepared Klebsiella phage depolymerases (90 enzymes produced in this study and 39 homologs from the literature), with specificity spanning 75 KL-types. Enzymes originated from podo-, sipho-, myo-, jumbo phages, and prophages. Using activity profiling, structural modeling, and domain dissection, we propose a five‑class framework that captures the architectural and functional diversity of these enzymes. DepoCatalog uncovers cross-reactivity and taxa‑specific enzymes. Structural comparisons indicate that specificity switching or extension is associated with modifications to the C‑terminal domain. We further hypothesize that podoviruses encoding up to two RBPs show greater receptor adaptability than jumbo phages with multiple specialized RBPs. Finally, we develop a publicly accessible, DepoCat dataset ( https://depocat.uwr.edu.pl ) for specificity, structural classification and comparison of newly identified depolymerases.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland",
    "Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium",
    "Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland",
    "Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland",
    "Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Munich, Germany",
    "Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium",
    "Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, CIMI, Paris, France",
    "UTechS Photonic BioImaging Direction de la Technologie, Centre de Recherche et de Ressources Technologiques, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France",
    "Department of Bionanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands",
    "Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Naples, Italy",
    "Department Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany",
    "Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland. zuzanna.drulis-kawa@uwr.edu.pl"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 23,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Aleksandra Otwinowska",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3911-5409"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sebastian Olejniczak",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1523-788X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        0
      ],
      "name": "Agnieszka Łątka",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4492-497X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Maria Pozniak",
      "orcid": "0009-0002-4589-0222"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Grażyna Majkowska-Skrobek",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7901-619X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Barbara Maciejewska",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4876-8743"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Janusz Koszucki",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1766-5637"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Vyshakh R. Panicker"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sara Jablonska",
      "orcid": "0009-0009-3651-6782"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Mathilde Hulsens",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0662-8144"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Jana Stender",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-0321-0933"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Maha Niazi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "S. K. Green",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3959-2640"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Joachim J. Bugert",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0556-3211"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6,
        7
      ],
      "name": "Régis Tournebize",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3718-3130"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Stan J. J. Brouns",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9573-1724"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9
      ],
      "name": "Flavia Squeglia",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9142-3313"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9
      ],
      "name": "Rita Berisio",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5025-6483"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        10
      ],
      "name": "Jens A. Hammerl",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6930-4358"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Rob Lavigne",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7377-1314"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yves Briers",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7723-1040"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Rafal J. Mostowy",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4557-3748"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        11
      ],
      "name": "Zuzanna Drulis‐Kawa",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4733-4660"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/84501pnmt9gqr.bib",
  "cited_by": 12,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41467-026-73570-7",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "84501pnmt9gqr",
  "issns": [
    "2041-1723"
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  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-73570-7",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
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  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2303|Bacteriophages and microbial interactions"
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  "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-73570-7_reference.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13385381",
  "pmid": "42173870",
  "published": "2026-05-22",
  "publisher": "Nature Portfolio",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/84501pnmt9gqr.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:26:58Z",
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      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-73570-7"
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  "subjects": [
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      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:2303|Bacteriophages and microbial interactions",
      "subfield": "ecology"
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    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:2406|Bacteriophages and microbial interactions",
      "subfield": "microbiology"
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  ],
  "title": "DepoCatalog: mapping diversity of 129 recombinantly produced Klebsiella phage depolymerases",
  "title_text": "DepoCatalog: mapping diversity of 129 recombinantly produced Klebsiella phage depolymerases",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T13:21:11Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/84501pnmt9gqr",
  "venue": "Nature Communications",
  "versions": []
}