{
  "abstract": "Sewage sludge (SS) is a by-product of wastewater treatment processes (WWTPs) and is rich in organic matter and essential nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, making it a potential fertilizer for agricultural use. However, its application is often limited due to the presence of pathogenic bacteria, viruses, metals, and organic contaminants that can accumulate in soils and crops, raising concerns about food safety. Sewage sludge is additionally challenging to handle due to its high moisture content, low density, and odor emission. To mitigate environmental risks and enhance its usability as a soil fertilizer, SS must be stabilized. Various techniques, including chemical, physical, and biological, can be used to stabilize SS. The addition of lime and composting has received particular attention among these techniques owing to the benefits they offer. Both methods effectively control and eliminate pathogens and reduce metal bioavailability, thus improving their agricultural utility. This review emphasizes the importance of using SS for agricultural purposes, placing particular focus on the procedures of composting and liming to stabilize and enhance the quality of SS, hence promoting its safety.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal",
    "Departamento de Ciências Agrárias Ambiente e Pescas, Instituto Superior Politécnico do Cuanza Sul (ISPCS), Rua 12 de Novembro, Sumbe P.O. Box 82, Angola",
    "Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Henda Lopes",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2830-1783"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Elisabete Nascimento Gonçalves"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Maria Morais",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6598-7454"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Ana Maria Coimbra",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3110-7153"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        2
      ],
      "name": "João Sousa",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9718-8035"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Paula Oliveira",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9519-4044"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Henrique Trindade",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8208-6204"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Marta Roboredo",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6177-4988"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/87ad3dtd8ye36.bib",
  "cited_by": 5,
  "doi": "10.3390/app16104805",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "87ad3dtd8ye36",
  "issns": [
    "2076-3417"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/app16104805",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1111|Composting and Vermicomposting Techniques"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7161146859",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/16/10/4805/pdf?version=1778587672",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-05-12",
  "publisher": "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/87ad3dtd8ye36.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-03T13:20:31Z",
      "native_id": "W7161146859",
      "source": "openalex",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/app16104805"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "earth",
      "origin": "openalex:1111|Composting and Vermicomposting Techniques",
      "subfield": "hydrology-soils"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Agronomic Valorization of Sewage Sludge Through Composting and Liming",
  "title_text": "Agronomic Valorization of Sewage Sludge Through Composting and Liming",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-04T13:21:09Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/87ad3dtd8ye36",
  "venue": "Applied Sciences",
  "versions": []
}