{
  "abstract": "Background: The United States (US) has observed increasing rates of opioid use and overdose deaths since the 1990s. For patients receiving medications for opioid use disorder (OUD), clinical visits are a critical touchpoint to evaluate progress towards recovery.\n\nObjective: This rapid review aims to identify psychometrically validated measures of recovery used in clinical settings in the US for individuals with OUD.\n\nMethods: A systematic search of Embase and Health and Psychosocial Instruments databases was conducted. Inclusion criteria: peer-reviewed studies in English from 2000 to 2023 that applied recovery measures within U.S. clinical treatment settings for individuals with OUD. References were screening and data extracted using Rayyan. Identified measures were mapped to patient-centered treatment goals.\n\nResults: 19 studies met the inclusion criteria, including 37 validated measures of recovery. Measures were predominantly designed to be self-administrated. Measures fell under three domains: exclusively measuring drug use, measuring drug use and other factors, and exclusively measuring factors other than drug use. The most used measure was the Addiction Severity Index, used in 10 studies. After mapping to established patient-centered treatment goals, avoid illicit drug use (n = 14, 38%) was the construct identified most frequently across included measures.\n\nConclusion: This rapid review of OUD recovery measures found a wide range of measures used over the study period. The most used measures focused on frequency and severity of drug use. Patient-centered treatment goals were largely covered by identified measures. Self-administer design of most measures presents opportunity to leverage patient-reported outcomes in clinical settings to evaluate recovery and inform treatment plans. Future research should explore how customizable PROMs and PREMs for patients in treatment for OUD can support goal tracking, improve patient-clinician decision-making, and help patients with recovery.\n\nClinical trial number: Not applicable.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Center for Community Health and Intervention Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI USA",
    "Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA",
    "Department of Family & Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia",
    "Department of Health Policy & Organization, School of Public Health, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA",
    "Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA",
    "Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT USA",
    "Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA",
    "Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA"
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Kelly W. Gagnon"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Margaret Baldwin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Yahya Alnashri"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4,
        5
      ],
      "name": "Jessica Jaiswal"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Karen Cropsey"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6,
        7
      ],
      "name": "Ellen Eaton"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/89ggz6v2ma7cp.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1186/s13722-026-00700-3",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13711745/",
  "id": "89ggz6v2ma7cp",
  "issns": [
    "1940-0632",
    "1940-0640"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13722-026-00700-3",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Review"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2739|Opioid Use Disorder Treatment"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7171520564",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13711745",
  "pmid": "42934707",
  "published": "2026-07-28",
  "publisher": "BMC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/89ggz6v2ma7cp.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:22:28Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13711745",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13722-026-00700-3"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2739|Opioid Use Disorder Treatment",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Measures of recovery used in clinical settings among people with opioid use disorder: a rapid review of the literature",
  "title_text": "Measures of recovery used in clinical settings among people with opioid use disorder: a rapid review of the literature",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-31T12:22:28Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/89ggz6v2ma7cp",
  "venue": "Addiction Science & Clinical Practice",
  "versions": []
}