{
  "abstract": "IntroductionObjective and circuit-level biomarkers of consciousness are urgently needed for disorders of consciousness.MethodsWe recorded high-density electroencephalography from 33 patients with disorders of consciousness (17 vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome, 16 minimally conscious state) and 19 healthy controls during rest and auditory stimulation, and combined source-localized microstate analysis with hypothesis-generating Granger causality analysis.ResultsSource microstate 3 (right prefrontal) and microstate 4 (parieto-occipital-temporal) showed diametrically opposite dynamics: microstate 3 was enhanced in the vegetative state whereas microstate 4 coverage and occurrence were higher in the minimally conscious state, revealing a fronto-posterior opponent imbalance. In repeated internal cross-validation within this cohort, microstate 4 occurrence discriminated the two patient groups (area under the curve = 0.812, 95% confidence interval 0.647–0.945). Hypothesis-generating connectivity analysis nominally implicated stronger right middle temporal-to-precuneus information flow in the minimally conscious state, a signal that did not survive network-level multiplicity correction.DiscussionSource-resolved microstates thus reveal opposing cortical dynamics associated with consciousness level.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": "Original Research",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Kun Li"
    },
    {
      "name": "Shiyu Zhang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Xu Hu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Zhigang Yan"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jijun Wang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yongli Jiang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Feng Feng"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kexiang Gao"
    },
    {
      "name": "Xiaolong Sun"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hua Yuan"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8c0qsymjkefge.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fnins.2026.1995232",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "8c0qsymjkefge",
  "issns": [
    "1662-453X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2026.1995232",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "feed-journal",
      "biology/neuroscience"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2713|Traumatic Brain Injury Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7224093771",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2026.1995232/pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-28",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8c0qsymjkefge.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:18Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fnins.2026.1995232",
      "source": "feed-frontiers",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2026.1995232"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:23Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fnins.2026.1995232",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2026.1995232/full"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2713|Traumatic Brain Injury Research",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Source-resolved electroencephalogram microstates reveal opposing prefrontal-posterior dynamics and a candidate temporal-to-precuneus pathway in disorders of consciousness",
  "title_text": "Source-resolved electroencephalogram microstates reveal opposing prefrontal-posterior dynamics and a candidate temporal-to-precuneus pathway in disorders of consciousness",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:23Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8c0qsymjkefge",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Neuroscience",
  "versions": []
}