{
  "abstract": "Background: Varicoceles can disrupt testicular function by altering key biochemical markers, including Vitamin D (Vit-D). This study compares Vit-D levels in spermatic and peripheral venous blood of patients with varicocele and examines the relationship between laboratory findings, varicocele severity, and semen parameters. Materials and Methods: This observational study included patients with varicocele scheduled for varicocelectomy. Preoperative evaluations included serum parathyroid hormone, Vit-D, calcium levels, and semen analysis. During surgery, a blood sample was collected from the left spermatic vein before vein closure to measure Vit-D levels. Results: Eighty-two patients, with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of 31.9 (6.1) years, were studied. Mean (SD) Vit-D levels in the peripheral and left spermatic veins were 32.9 (9.6) and 31.9 (10.5) ng/mL, respectively, with no significant difference (P = 0.34). Patients with Grade III varicocele had significantly lower Vit-D levels in the left spermatic than peripheral veins (29.9 vs. 32.3 ng/mL, P = 0.032). No such difference was observed in total patients or patients with lower-grade varicoceles (P > 0.05). In the assessment of semen analysis results, sperm concentration showed weak positive correlations with Vit-D in both veins (peripheral vein: r = 0.23, P = 0.040; left spermatic vein: r = 0.21, P = 0.06). Other serum markers and varicocele grade showed no significant relationship with semen analysis parameters (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Patients with Grade III varicocele exhibit lower Vit-D levels in the left spermatic vein than in the peripheral vein, a finding not observed in milder varicocele grades. This finding suggests a potential association between severe varicocele and decreased spermatic vein Vit-D levels.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Mohammad Javad Nazarpour"
    },
    {
      "name": "Morteza Hamidi"
    },
    {
      "name": "Farshad Gholipour"
    },
    {
      "name": "Hossein Dialameh"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mehrzad Gholampourdehaki"
    },
    {
      "name": "Mohammad Hassan Kazemi-Galougahi"
    },
    {
      "name": "Farshad Namdari"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8cb3enz0at89j.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.4103/jrms.jrms_1064_25",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ovid.com/jnls/jrms/fulltext/10.4103/jrms.jrms_1064_25~vitamin-d-levels-in-left-spermatic-and-peripheral-veins-of",
  "id": "8cb3enz0at89j",
  "issns": [
    "1735-1995",
    "1735-7136"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.4103/jrms.jrms_1064_25",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-SA",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-SA",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "R"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2743|Sperm and Testicular Function"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221316735",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-07-01",
  "publisher": "Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8cb3enz0at89j.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:43:58Z",
      "native_id": "a58a8cc556da4e80b83227661d55bf4e",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.4103/jrms.jrms_1064_25"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2743|Sperm and Testicular Function",
      "subfield": "reproductive-child"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Vitamin D levels in left spermatic and peripheral veins of varicocele patients: Associations with varicocele grade and semen parameters",
  "title_text": "Vitamin D levels in left spermatic and peripheral veins of varicocele patients: Associations with varicocele grade and semen parameters",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T13:43:58Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8cb3enz0at89j",
  "venue": "Journal of Research in Medical Sciences",
  "versions": []
}