{
  "abstract": "Background\n\nCervical excisional treatment is associated with adverse obstetric outcomes. Although imiquimod has been explored as a conservative alternative in trials like TOPIC-3, its definitive role remains debated. We aimed to evaluate the long-term efficacy of a clinician-applied imiquimod strategy specifically in women aged under 35 years to verify its potential for fertility preservation.Methods\n\nWe conducted a retrospective, single-arm cohort study of nulliparous women aged under 35 years with Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) 2 or 3 and no prior excisional therapy between October 2021 and March 2024. The primary outcomes were histological regression assessed immediately post-treatment (8 weeks) and during a prolonged follow-up period.Results\n\nA total of 100 patients were included. The immediate regression rate following the 8-week imiquimod course was 96.0%, with an initial high risk Human Papillomavirus (hr-HPV) clearance rate of 57.1%. In the follow-up analysis, the sustained regression rate reached 91.0%, and the cumulative hr-HPV clearance rate rose to 70.5%. Notably, patients with CIN2 without HPV 16/18 achieved the highest regression rate (96.5%), successfully avoided or postponed surgical intervention.Conclusions\n\nThe clinician-applied imiquimod strategy offers a robust therapeutic impact, safely postponing surgical intervention for approximately one year in reproductive-aged women with CIN 2/3. This imiquimod strategy serves as an effective bridging therapy that preserves fertility without compromising clinical safety, providing a supportive clinical decision-making model for individualized non-surgical management.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.",
    "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.",
    "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.",
    "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea. kdyog@amc.seoul.kr."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jungmi Kim"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Ju-Hyun Kim"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yaesol Kim"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Rumie Lee"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Hyeonji Choi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Dae-Yeon Kim"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8cbzzqvxasgeh.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1186/s12905-026-04685-8",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13753213",
  "id": "8cbzzqvxasgeh",
  "issns": [
    "1472-6874"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/43009930",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2713|Cervical Cancer and HPV Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7151879320",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13753213?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13753213",
  "pmid": "43009930",
  "published": "2026-08-14",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8cbzzqvxasgeh.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-12T15:22:43Z",
      "native_id": "MED:43009930",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/43009930"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2713|Cervical Cancer and HPV Research",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Long-term follow-up results of topical imiquimod for high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in young women: an original research.",
  "title_text": "Long-term follow-up results of topical imiquimod for high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in young women: an original research.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-13T03:20:44Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8cbzzqvxasgeh",
  "venue": "BMC women's health",
  "versions": []
}