{
  "abstract": "We present Attractor-Vascular Coupling Theory (AVCT), a theory-guided framework for deriving interpretable blood pressure (BP) predictors from photoplethysmography (PPG) attractor geometry. AVCT connects vascular dynamics, PPG observation, delay-coordinate reconstruction, and attractor descriptors within a unified framework for formulating testable hypotheses, without presupposing the physiological sufficiency of a particular low-dimensional feature set. We evaluate a LightGBM-based estimator using leave-one-subject-out cross-validation (LOSO-CV) across two complementary experimental settings. Experiment 1 comprises 46 ICU/surgical subjects from BIDMC and VitalDB, with ECG, PPG, and repeated reference BP measurements. The calibrated full model achieves systolic/diastolic BP (SBP/DBP) mean absolute errors (MAEs) of 2.05/1.67 mmHg, compared with 2.02/1.63 mmHg for the PPG-attractor-only model. Experiment 2 includes 217 ambulatory subjects from the PPG-BP dataset (651 PPG windows; one cuff-based BP reference per subject) and assesses cross-subject calibrated BP reconstruction rather than within-subject BP tracking. The PPG-attractor model achieves SBP/DBP MAEs of 1.98/0.96 mmHg. Across both cohorts, incorporating ECG-derived features provides no practically meaningful improvement in MAE. Calibration substantially reduces between-subject offset error, while morphological and dynamical descriptors contribute complementary predictive information. Although the reported numerical errors fall within commonly cited thresholds associated with AAMI/ISO and BHS criteria, these findings do not establish compliance with device-validation standards. Collectively, the results support AVCT as a mechanistically motivated representation framework for interpretable PPG-based BP estimation and provide a foundation for prospective validation using repeated reference BP measurements and smartphone-acquired PPG.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2605.10871",
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Timothy Oladunni"
    },
    {
      "name": "Farouk Ganiyu Adewumi"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8cgwmk926enmy.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2605.10871",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "8cgwmk926enmy",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.10871",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-SA 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "cs.AI"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "cs.LG"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "physics.med-ph"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2204|Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7160933703",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2605.10871",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-23",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8cgwmk926enmy.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:35:15Z",
      "native_id": "2605.10871",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.10871"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:physics.med-ph",
      "subfield": "biological-medical"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Attractor-Vascular Coupling Theory: Formal Grounding and Empirical Validation for AAMI-Standard Cuffless Blood Pressure Estimation from Smartphone Photoplethysmography",
  "title_text": "Attractor-Vascular Coupling Theory: Formal Grounding and Empirical Validation for AAMI-Standard Cuffless Blood Pressure Estimation from Smartphone Photoplethysmography",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:35:15Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8cgwmk926enmy",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}