{
  "abstract": "Introduction\n\nPrompt endoscopic hemostasis is required to control upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Current training relies on on-the-job exposure, with limited evidence supporting the use of dry-lab simulators. This study aimed to develop a structured, repeatable simulation-based training (SBT) program for thermal coagulation hemostasis and evaluate its efficacy.Methods\n\nThis single-center, assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial was conducted at Tohoku University Hospital from December 2023 to June 2025. Nonexpert endoscopists were randomized into either an intervention group (five SBT sessions, including basic and hemostasis tasks, over 2 months) or a control group. Co-primary outcomes were procedure time and blinded video-based rubric scores for hemostasis at both low- and high-difficulty sites. Changes in self-efficacy were assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS). The analysis followed intention-to-treat principles.Results\n\nTwenty participants were enrolled, with nine in the intervention group and 11 in the control group. At the final assessment, the intervention group demonstrated shorter procedure times at both the antrum (43.6 vs. 51.3 s, p = 0.02) and the upper gastric body (32.6 vs. 59.7 s, p < 0.01). Significant within-group reductions were observed only in the intervention group (effect sizes of 0.62 in the antrum and 0.80 in the upper body). Rubric-based scores improved at high-difficulty sites (p = 0.03). All five VAS domains improved significantly in the intervention group, whereas two domains increased in the control group.Conclusion\n\nStructured SBT with a high-fidelity bleeding simulator improved technical performance, efficiency, and self-efficacy in coagulation hemostasis, representing a scalable framework for competency-based education.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.",
    "Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan, takeshi.kanno.d1@tohoku.ac.jp.",
    "R and D Division of Career Education for Medical Professionals, Medical Education Center, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan, takeshi.kanno.d1@tohoku.ac.jp.",
    "Graduate Medical Education Center, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan.",
    "Houen-Home Medical Care Support Clinic-Hachiman, Sendai, Japan.",
    "Division of Promotion for Gastroenterological Medical Innovation, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 12,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Suguo Suzuki"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Takeshi Kanno",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7305-5924"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yutaka Hatayama"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Yutaro Arata"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yohei Ogata"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Masahiro Saito"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Xiaoyi Jin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Waku Hatta"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        5
      ],
      "name": "Kaname Uno"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Akira Imatani"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Tomoyuki Koike"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        5
      ],
      "name": "Atsushi Masamune"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8ctrmjrnpt5p1.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1159/dig/acmag013",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13688531",
  "id": "8ctrmjrnpt5p1",
  "issns": [
    "0012-2823",
    "1421-9867"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42879351",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2746|Surgical Simulation and Training"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7222182353",
  "pdf_url": "https://karger.com/dig/article-pdf/doi/10.1159/dig/acmag013/4595094/000554854.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13688531",
  "pmid": "42879351",
  "published": "2026-10-15",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8ctrmjrnpt5p1.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:46Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42879351",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42879351"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2746|Surgical Simulation and Training",
      "subfield": "surgery"
    }
  ],
  "title": "A Structured, Repetitive Simulation Program for Endoscopic Coagulation Hemostasis with Hemostatic Forceps: An Assessor-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial Using a Bleeding Ulcer Model.",
  "title_text": "A Structured, Repetitive Simulation Program for Endoscopic Coagulation Hemostasis with Hemostatic Forceps: An Assessor-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial Using a Bleeding Ulcer Model.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:46Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8ctrmjrnpt5p1",
  "venue": "Digestion",
  "versions": []
}