{
  "abstract": "Developing nonflammable electrolytes with stable lithium-metal interfaces and reversible Li plating/stripping remains a critical challenge for lithium metal batteries. Herein, a sulfolane-based nonflammable electrolyte containing lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiOTf), lithium nitrate (LiNO 3 ) and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) is developed by regulating Li + solvation and interfacial chemistry. NMR spectroscopy and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations reveal that partial substitution of LiOTf with LiNO 3 redistributes the first Li + solvation shell, reducing sulfolane coordination while increasing anion participation. Raman and FT-IR analyses further indicate that FEC modifies the local interaction network among electrolyte components. The optimized Li[OTf/NO 3 ]-FEC electrolyte exhibits a low viscosity of 34.4 cP, an ionic conductivity of 0.63 mS cm −1 and favorable self-extinguishing behavior. FEC also promotes an inorganic-rich SEI containing LiF, Li 3 N, LiN x O y , Li 2 O, Li 2 SO 4 and Li 2 SO 3 , resulting in lower interfacial resistance and more uniform Li deposition. Consequently, Li//Li cells exhibit an overpotential of ∼0.12 V and stable cycling for ∼270 h at 0.5 mA cm −2 and 0.5 mAh cm −2 , while Li//Cu cells maintain 97–98% Coulombic efficiency for over 100 cycles with an average efficiency of 96.48% by the modified Aurbach method. Li//LiMn 2 O 4 cells retain 85.7% capacity after 587 cycles at 100 mA g −1 and 67.2% after 1600 cycles at 500 mA g −1 . These results demonstrate that combining Li + solvation regulation with FEC-assisted interphase engineering is an effective strategy for stable, nonflammable lithium metal batteries.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Chun-Jern Pan"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yi-Yu Chen"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jia-He Peng"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jia-Yun Jhang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Li-Ying Yu"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8eefzknknfs6y.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.elecom.2026.108266",
  "fulltext_url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1388248126001621",
  "id": "8eefzknknfs6y",
  "issns": [
    "1388-2481",
    "1873-1902"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1388248126001621",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "QD1-999"
    ],
    [
      "lcc",
      "TP250-261"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2208|Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223020157",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-30",
  "publisher": "Elsevier BV",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8eefzknknfs6y.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:47Z",
      "native_id": "10.1016/j.elecom.2026.108266",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1388248126001621"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:44:37Z",
      "native_id": "d2e12f966e9b4845858b83f13c0ff6c6",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2026.108266"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "lcc:TP250-261",
      "subfield": "electrochemistry-energy"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Stable lithium/electrolyte interphase enabled by tailoring Li+ solvation structure and FEC additive in LiOTf/LiNO3 dual-salt sulfolane-based nonflammable electrolyte for lithium metal batteries",
  "title_text": "Stable lithium/electrolyte interphase enabled by tailoring Li+ solvation structure and FEC additive in LiOTf/LiNO3 dual-salt sulfolane-based nonflammable electrolyte for lithium metal batteries",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T13:44:37Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8eefzknknfs6y",
  "venue": "Electrochemistry Communications",
  "versions": []
}