{
  "abstract": "Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. is an ornamental and medicinal plant with important economic value. Conventional propagation restricts its industrial seedling production owing to low efficiency and poor stress adaptability. While tissue culture provides a scalable propagation alternative, systematic comparative analyses of in vitro regeneration across multiple large-flowered Chinese chrysanthemum germplasms remain limited. In this study, six Chinese large-flowered chrysanthemum cultivars were employed to investigate the effects of HgCl₂ treatment duration on surface sterilization efficiency, the influences of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA)/α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) concentration ratios on callus induction and adventitious bud differentiation, as well as the regulatory effects of IBA (indole-3-butyric acid) and NAA on rooting. A multi-index evaluation system combining correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and membership function analysis was established to quantitatively assess genotypic differences in regeneration capacity. Significant genotype-dependent tolerance was detected, with optimal sterilization durations of 7 and 9 min. Moderate and low 6-BA/NAA combinations synergistically facilitated explant dedifferentiation and high-quality callus formation, and the combination of 2 mg/L 6-BA and 0.3 mg/L NAA yielded 100% adventitious bud differentiation in 'Pushuiliubing', with an average adventitious bud number per explant of 6.09. Exogenous auxin was not essential for rooting, as most cultivars performed well on hormone-free MS medium, with NAA showing higher induction efficacy than IBA. The overall regeneration capacity ranked as 'Pushuiliubing' > 'Zuijin' > 'Fushanqiujing' > 'Yingfengpiaoling' > 'Ziqiangda' > 'Tangyutianjiao'. These genotype-specific parameters underpin the industrial propagation and molecular breeding of large-flowered chrysanthemum and inform tissue culture optimization for other Chrysanthemum germplasms and closely related ornamental Asteraceae species.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "College of Horticulture, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang 464000, China."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zhiyong Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jingjing Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Peiling Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Lei Liu",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-7471-7897"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Kequn Ma"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Li Yang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8h3k6kjfvf6bw.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/plants15203104",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13708506",
  "id": "8h3k6kjfvf6bw",
  "issns": [
    "2223-7747"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42943056",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1312|Plant tissue culture and regeneration"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221532617",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13708506?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13708506",
  "pmid": "42943056",
  "published": "2026-10-10",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8h3k6kjfvf6bw.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:24Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42943056",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42943056"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biochemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:1312|Plant tissue culture and regeneration",
      "subfield": "molecular-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Establishment and Comparative Analysis of In Vitro Regeneration Systems for Six Chinese Large-Flowered Chrysanthemum Cultivars.",
  "title_text": "Establishment and Comparative Analysis of In Vitro Regeneration Systems for Six Chinese Large-Flowered Chrysanthemum Cultivars.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:22:24Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8h3k6kjfvf6bw",
  "venue": "Plants (Basel, Switzerland)",
  "versions": []
}