{
  "abstract": "Atherosclerosis is driven by coordinated changes in endothelial cells (ECs), macrophages, and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Post-translational modifications (PTMs), phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, O-GlcNAcylation, palmitoylation, ISGylation, and ADP-ribosylation, integrate metabolic, inflammatory, and mechanical inputs at a limited number of signaling nodes. This review argues that these modifications interact according to four definable relationships rather than merely co-occurring. In competitive cross-talk, two marks contest one acceptor residue, as when O-GlcNAcylation displaces phosphorylation at the Akt site of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. In hierarchical cross-talk, one modification licenses another, as when Ser536 phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 recruits p300 and permits Lys310 acetylation. In enzyme-directed cross-talk, a modification acts on the writer or eraser of a different system, as HDAC9 does on IκB kinases. In cofactor-coupled cross-talk, sirtuin-dependent deacylation and PARP1-dependent ADP-ribosylation draw on one limiting NAD⁺ pool. We rank nodes against four stated criteria, grade every finding on a five-level evidence scheme, and apply the framework to phosphorylation-O-GlcNAcylation, ubiquitination-SUMOylation, and acetylation-ubiquitination interactions across the three vascular cell types. Of the cross-talk relationships invoked, five are supported at residue resolution by a substitution experiment, and two of these were obtained in vascular cells; the remainder are inferred from enzyme-level regulation or from pathway convergence. Candidate intervention points include HDAC9, SENP3, OGT, UBA1, and the NAD⁺ pool, none of which has been evaluated in a cardiovascular outcome trial.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The 970th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force of the People's Liberation Army, Yantai, China.",
    "Department of Cardiology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China."
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Weiwei Jiang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Haiping Du",
      "orcid": "0009-0009-0657-2994"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8na6q48mz3dr1.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1002/cbf.70329",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13725273",
  "id": "8na6q48mz3dr1",
  "issns": [
    "0263-6484",
    "1099-0844"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42968629",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Review Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2737|Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7225075133",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13725273?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13725273",
  "pmid": "42968629",
  "published": "2026-11-01",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8na6q48mz3dr1.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-03T15:20:53Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42968629",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42968629"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T12:23:42Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13725273",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/cbf.70329"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2737|Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects",
      "subfield": "physiology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Posttranslational Modification Cross-Talk in Vascular Cells: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications for Atherosclerosis.",
  "title_text": "Posttranslational Modification Cross-Talk in Vascular Cells: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications for Atherosclerosis.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-06T12:21:35Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8na6q48mz3dr1",
  "venue": "Cell biochemistry and function",
  "versions": []
}