{
  "abstract": "Focused ultrasound can be delivered through the temporal window to modulate heterogeneously located brain areas. Acoustic simulations allow for safety assessments when dynamically targeting brain structures, but the mismatch between simulation and measured focal pressure can vary across the steerable range due to mechanically inaccurate assumptions made about the skull and transducer. Here, we describe efficient methods for simulation-measurement calibration using axisymmetric projections and sparse sampling across a 3D steerable subspace encompassing deep brain targets across 157 subjects. To address the simulation-reality mismatch in skull transmission, we used the measured and predicted pressure values through eight human temporal window fragments to derive an optimized bone attenuation coefficient. Collectively, the calibration framework and optimized temporal window coefficients can be used broadly across studies to improve the accuracy of reporting and dependent safety assessment for personalized neuromodulation treatments.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Attune Neurosciences, San Francisco, CA, USA",
    "Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA",
    "Brain Research and Imaging Centre, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK",
    "School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK",
    "Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA",
    "Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA",
    "Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA",
    "Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA",
    "Department of Radiology & Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA",
    "Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada",
    "Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada",
    "Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA"
  ],
  "article_type": "brief report",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 16,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ehsan Dadgar-Kiani"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Vibha Hebbale"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Malachy W. Newman"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Grace Attalla"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "John L. Alvarez"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Suraya Dunsford"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Kevin A. Caulfield"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Cameron H. Good"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Andrew D. Krystal"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        6
      ],
      "name": "Leo P. Sugrue"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        7
      ],
      "name": "Joline M. Fan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Elsa Fouragnan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        8
      ],
      "name": "Charles F. Caskey"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9,
        10
      ],
      "name": "Samuel Pichardo"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        11
      ],
      "name": "Kim Butts Pauly"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Keith R. Murphy"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8ncv4sbj20723.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.crmeth.2026.101568",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13721750/",
  "id": "8ncv4sbj20723",
  "issns": [
    "2667-2375"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crmeth.2026.101568",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Report"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2204|Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7203473467",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13721750",
  "pmid": "42600618",
  "published": "2026-08-14",
  "publisher": "Elsevier",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8ncv4sbj20723.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-03T12:22:23Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13721750",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crmeth.2026.101568"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biochemistry",
      "origin": "journal-openalex:1312|Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics",
      "subfield": "molecular-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Calibrated simulations for dynamic focusing of ultrasound through the temporal window",
  "title_text": "Calibrated simulations for dynamic focusing of ultrasound through the temporal window",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-03T12:22:23Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8ncv4sbj20723",
  "venue": "Cell Reports Methods",
  "versions": []
}