{
  "abstract": "Chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy (CAR-T) has demonstrated promising efficacy in hematological malignancies, but translating that success to solid tumors remains challenging. Here, we construct a CAR library comprising approximately 1000 variants targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen by recombining transmembrane (TM), co-stimulatory, and activation domains from Natural Killer (NK) and T cell receptors. Single-cell screening identifies ICOSTM-containing variants with improved T cell activation; NK-derived activation domains, such as DAP10ζ, DAP12ζ, and FcRγζ, further augment the effector capacity. Gene regulatory network analysis reveals that CAR variants with elevated expression of T cell-activation-related transcription factors correlates with enhanced cell function. Overall, our study advances early-stage CAR design by expanding the repertoire of structural components from diverse immune cells, providing a scalable platform for identifying candidates with functional profiles comparable to clinical benchmarks.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "BOE Technology Group Co. Ltd., Beijing, China",
    "BOE Regenerative Medicine Technology Co. Ltd, Beijing, China"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 12,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hairong Jing"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Dan Yuan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Bangquan Ye"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jianlin Ma"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Beiyuan Fan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yunqing Mu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yiquan Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mingming Zhan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Shuai Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zijian Zhao",
      "orcid": "0009-0003-5837-9156"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yanzhao Li",
      "orcid": "0009-0008-9963-6282"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zhiqiang Liu",
      "orcid": "0009-0000-7945-5873"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8nhfck8vweeev.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1038/s42003-026-10514-3",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13748610/",
  "id": "8nhfck8vweeev",
  "issns": [
    "2399-3642"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-026-10514-3",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2730|CAR-T cell therapy research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7169790724",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-026-10514-3_reference.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13748610",
  "pmid": "42477074",
  "published": "2026-07-20",
  "publisher": "Nature Publishing Group",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8nhfck8vweeev.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-13T12:26:35Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13748610",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-026-10514-3"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2730|CAR-T cell therapy research",
      "subfield": "oncology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "High-throughput single-cell screening of a cross-lineage CAR library for early-stage CAR design and candidate discovery",
  "title_text": "High-throughput single-cell screening of a cross-lineage CAR library for early-stage CAR design and candidate discovery",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-13T12:26:35Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8nhfck8vweeev",
  "venue": "Communications Biology",
  "versions": []
}