{
  "abstract": "The Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC) is a collection of candidate gravitational-wave transient signals identified and characterized by the LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA Collaboration. Producing the contents of the GWTC from detector data requires complex analysis methods. These comprise techniques to model the signal; identify the transients in the data; evaluate the quality of the data and mitigate possible instrumental issues; infer the parameters of each transient; compare the data with the waveform models for compact binary coalescences; and handle the large amount of results associated with all of these different analyses. In this paper, we describe the methods employed to produce the catalog’s fourth release, GWTC-4.0, focusing on the analysis of the first part of the fourth observing run of Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute)",
    "LIGO Hanford Observatory",
    "INFN",
    "Università di Salerno",
    "University of Warwick",
    "University Park",
    "Leibniz Universität Hannover",
    "University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee",
    "California Institute of Technology",
    "Louisiana State University",
    "Tata Institute of Fundamental Research",
    "Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics",
    "Université catholique de Louvain",
    "Queen Mary University of London",
    "ARTEMIS - Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux (Bd de l'Observatoire BP 4229 06304 NICE CEDEX 4 - France)",
    "Sejong University",
    "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais",
    "University of the West of Scotland",
    "Università di Roma Tor Vergata",
    "Universiteit Antwerpen",
    "University College Dublin",
    "Advanced Technology Center",
    "National Astronomical Observatory of Japan",
    "Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena",
    "INFN Sezione di Torino",
    "University of Glasgow",
    "University of Western Australia",
    "Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc",
    "Università di Napoli “Federico II,”",
    "Cardiff University",
    "Australian National University",
    "Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
    "Maastricht University",
    "Nikhef",
    "Aix Marseille Univ",
    "Université Paris-Saclay",
    "The University of Tokyo",
    "University of Tokyo",
    "Universitat de Barcelona (UB)",
    "Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE)"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 100,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Adrian Abac",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4786-2698"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "I. Abouelfettouh"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "F. Acernese",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3103-3473"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "K. Ackley",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8648-0767"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "S. Adhicary",
      "orcid": "0009-0004-2101-5428"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6,
        0
      ],
      "name": "D. Adhikari"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "N. Adhikari",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4559-8427"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "R. X. Adhikari",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5731-5076"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9
      ],
      "name": "V. K. Adkins"
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    {
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        10
      ],
      "name": "Samsuzzaman Afroz",
      "orcid": "0009-0004-4459-2981"
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        11,
        12
      ],
      "name": "D. Agarwal",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8735-5554"
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        13,
        14
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      "name": "M. Agathos",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9072-1121"
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        15
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      "name": "Maryam Aghaei Abchouyeh",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1518-1946"
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        16
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      "name": "O. D. Aguiar",
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        17
      ],
      "name": "S. Ahmadzadeh"
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        2,
        18
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      "name": "L. Aiello",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2771-8816"
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        19
      ],
      "name": "A. Ain",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4534-4619"
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      "name": "P. Ajith",
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      "name": "Sarp Akçay",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2216-421X"
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        22
      ],
      "name": "T.Akutsu",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0733-7530"
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    {
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        24
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      "name": "Simone Albanesi",
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      ],
      "name": "R. A. Alfaidi",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6108-4979"
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      ],
      "name": "Ammar Al-Jodah",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4536-1240"
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    {
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        27
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      "name": "C. Alléné"
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        2,
        28
      ],
      "name": "A. Allocca",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5288-1351"
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        29
      ],
      "name": "S. Al-Shammari",
      "orcid": "0009-0006-6367-2332"
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      "name": "P. A. Altin",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8193-5825"
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        31
      ],
      "name": "S. Álvarez-López",
      "orcid": "0009-0003-8040-4936"
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    {
      "affs": [
        29
      ],
      "name": "O. Amarasinghe"
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    {
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        32,
        33
      ],
      "name": "A. Amato",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9557-651X"
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    {
      "affs": [
        34
      ],
      "name": "Claude Amra",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4618-5931"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "A. Ananyeva"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "S. B. Anderson",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2219-9383"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Warren G. Anderson",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0482-5942"
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    {
      "affs": [
        35
      ],
      "name": "M. Andia",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3675-9126"
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    {
      "affs": [
        36,
        37
      ],
      "name": "M. Ando"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        38
      ],
      "name": "Tomás Andrade",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6000-1302"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        39
      ],
      "name": "Marc Andrés-Carcasona",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8738-1672"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6,
        0
      ],
      "name": "T. Andrić",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9277-9773"
    },
    {
      "name": "J. Anglin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Stefano Ansoldi",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5613-7693"
    },
    {
      "name": "Javier Mauricio Antelis",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3377-0813"
    },
    {
      "name": "S. Antier",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7686-3334"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        36
      ],
      "name": "M. Aoumi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "E. Z. Appavuravther"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "S. Appert"
    },
    {
      "name": "S. K. Apple",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-4490-5804"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Koji Arai",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8916-8915"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        36
      ],
      "name": "A. Araya",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6884-2875"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "M. C. Araya",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6018-6447"
    },
    {
      "name": "Manuel Arca Sedda",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3987-0519"
    },
    {
      "name": "J. S. Areeda",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0266-7936"
    },
    {
      "name": "L Argianas"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "N. Aritomi",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4424-7657"
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    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "F. Armato",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8856-8877"
    },
    {
      "name": "S. Armstrong"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        35
      ],
      "name": "N. Arnaud",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6589-8673"
    },
    {
      "name": "M. Arogeti",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5124-3350"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9
      ],
      "name": "Scott Aronson",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7080-8177"
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    {
      "name": "G. Ashton",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7288-2231"
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  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8ve4vv3pne0kg.bib",
  "cited_by": 95,
  "doi": "10.3847/2041-8213/ae447b",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "8ve4vv3pne0kg",
  "issns": [
    "2041-8205",
    "2041-8213"
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  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ae447b",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
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      "3103|Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research"
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  "openalex": "W4417256931",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-06-18",
  "publisher": "IOP Publishing",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8ve4vv3pne0kg.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:18Z",
      "native_id": "W4417256931",
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      "url": "https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ae447b"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "openalex:3103|Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research",
      "subfield": "high-energy-astrophysics"
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  ],
  "title": "GWTC-4.0: Methods for Identifying and Characterizing Gravitational-wave Transients",
  "title_text": "GWTC-4.0: Methods for Identifying and Characterizing Gravitational-wave Transients",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T13:21:01Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8ve4vv3pne0kg",
  "venue": "The Astrophysical Journal Letters",
  "versions": []
}