{
  "abstract": "The valorization of biological by-products into sustainable adsorbents has gained significant attention as an effective approach for waste management and wastewater treatment. A carrageenan/clam shell powder (CSP@Car) composite was developed as a low-cost, environmentally friendly adsorbent with potential for dye removal from wastewater. The composite was successfully prepared and evaluated for its ability to adsorb methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. FT-IR and PXRD analyses confirmed the physical combination of carrageenan (Car) and clam shell powder (CSP), while SEM observations indicated that CSP@Car-1 (CSP : Car = 0.05 : 1, w/w) exhibited the most porous microstructure. Compared to other composites, CSP@Car-1 demonstrated lower moisture content and water solubility, as well as the highest adsorption capacity. Batch adsorption experiments identified optimal conditions at room temperature, with an adsorption time of 2 hours, an adsorbent dosage of 10.0 g L⁻¹, an initial MB concentration of 80 mg L⁻¹, and pH approximately 7, resulting in a removal efficiency of 49.7% and an adsorption capacity of 401 mg g⁻¹. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the equilibrium data were best described by the Langmuir isotherm model. Furthermore, CSP@Car-1 maintained adsorption activity after five adsorption-desorption cycles, although adsorption performance gradually decreased with repeated regeneration. These findings indicate that CSP@Car-1 is a promising low-cost and eco-friendly adsorbent for dye removal from wastewater, although further enhancement of its regeneration stability is necessary for practical applications.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "The University of Danang - University of Science and Education Danang Vietnam dttvan@ued.udn.vn.",
    "The University of Danang - University of Technology and Education Danang Vietnam pcuyen@ute.udn.vn 22115071122107@sv.ute.udn.vn hnbich@ute.udn.vn.",
    "Le Quy Don Technical University Ha Noi Vietnam minhdongchem@gmail.com."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Do Thi Thuy Van",
      "orcid": "0009-0002-0962-164X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Danthy Nguyen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Ngocbich Huynh"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Minhdong Le"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Chiuyen Phan",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0362-281X"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8vkb78newpkpq.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1039/d6ra07910e",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13717506/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "8vkb78newpkpq",
  "issns": [
    "2046-2069"
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  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13717506",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Chemistry"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2312|Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal"
    ]
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  "openalex": "W7224286862",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13717506/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13717506",
  "pmid": "42959733",
  "published": "2026-10-29",
  "publisher": "Royal Society of Chemistry",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8vkb78newpkpq.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T00:20:37Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13717506",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13717506"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:21:46Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42959733",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42959733"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-02T12:21:49Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13717506",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1039/d6ra07910e"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "earth",
      "origin": "openalex:2312|Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal",
      "subfield": "hydrology-soils"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Preparation and characterization of a clam shell powder/carrageenan composite for methylene blue adsorption",
  "title_text": "Preparation and characterization of a clam shell powder/carrageenan composite for methylene blue adsorption",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-02T12:21:49Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8vkb78newpkpq",
  "venue": "RSC advances",
  "versions": []
}