{
  "abstract": "We conducted a multicenter prospective cohort study to identify factors associated with discharge on higher respiratory support in children with tracheostomy hospitalized for bacterial tracheostomy‐associated infections (bTRAINs). We included children 0–21 years with tracheostomy hospitalized for bTRAIN at six freestanding children's hospitals between 2020 and 2024. The primary outcome was discharge on higher respiratory support compared to pre‐hospital baseline. Generalized linear mixed‐effects regression models accounted for patient and hospital clustering. We included 641 children representing 1180 hospitalizations, with a median age of 5 years; 45.9% were female, 35.6% Hispanic, and 20.0% Non‐Hispanic Black. 24.7% were discharged on higher respiratory support. In adjusted analyses, discharge on higher respiratory support was associated with increased oxygen requirement, escalation of chronic ventilator settings, acute ventilatory support, and longer length of stay. In our study, discharge on higher respiratory support was driven by illness severity, rather than demographic or home support factors.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Pediatric Pulmonary, Asthma, & Sleep Medicine, Stanford University Palo Alto California USA",
    "Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles California USA",
    "Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine Seattle Children's Hospital Seattle Washington USA",
    "Pediatrics University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA",
    "Infectious Diseases Children's National Medical Center Washington District of Columbia USA",
    "Pediatrics Children's National Medical Center Washington District of Columbia USA",
    "Pediatrics Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital St. Petersburg Florida USA",
    "Pediatrics Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio USA",
    "Pediatrics Stanford University Stanford California USA",
    "Pediatrics Children's Hospital Los Angeles Los Angeles California USA"
  ],
  "article_type": "brief report",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 14,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Krystal S. Jin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Naoko Kono"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Jonathan D. Cogen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Sarah Hofman DeYoung"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Catherine S. Forster"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Andrea Hahn"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Margaret Rush"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "John M. Morrison",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2882-8849"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Joanna E. Thomson",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7538-0998"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Sukhada V. Mairal"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9
      ],
      "name": "Michael N. Neely"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Wendy J. Mack"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9
      ],
      "name": "Tamara D. Simon"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8
      ],
      "name": "Christopher J. Russell",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5269-7861"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8wzvjhgkxq8xn.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1002/jhm.70419",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13728537/",
  "id": "8wzvjhgkxq8xn",
  "issns": [
    "1553-5592",
    "1553-5606"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jhm.70419",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Brief Report"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2740|Tracheal and airway disorders"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7204755202",
  "pdf_url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/jhm.70419",
  "pmcid": "PMC13728537",
  "pmid": "42670050",
  "published": "2026-08-30",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8wzvjhgkxq8xn.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-07T12:21:29Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13728537",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/jhm.70419"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2740|Tracheal and airway disorders",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Factors associated with discharge on higher respiratory support for children with tracheostomy hospitalized with bacterial tracheostomy‐associated infections: A prospective, multicenter cohort study",
  "title_text": "Factors associated with discharge on higher respiratory support for children with tracheostomy hospitalized with bacterial tracheostomy‐associated infections: A prospective, multicenter cohort study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-07T12:21:29Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8wzvjhgkxq8xn",
  "venue": "Journal of Hospital Medicine",
  "versions": []
}