{
  "abstract": "Objective: To determine the prevalence of antibiotic use, assess knowledge of antibiotic resistance (AR) and identify factors associated with both antibiotic use and knowledge of AR among urban residents of Kochi, South India.\n\nDesign: Community-based cross-sectional study.\n\nSetting: Urban community in Kerala, India.\n\nParticipants: Adults aged 18 years and above were recruited through a house-to-house survey using a non-probability convenience sampling approach in selected urban divisions of Kochi Municipal Corporation, Kerala, India.\n\nPrimary and secondary outcome measures: Primary outcomes were prevalence of antibiotic use (self-reported consumption in the preceding 6 months) and level of knowledge of AR. Secondary outcomes included factors associated with antibiotic use and knowledge of AR.\n\nResults: A total of 259 adults participated in the study. The prevalence of antibiotic use was 42.8% (95% CI 36.8% to 48.8%). Overall, 37.1% (95% CI 31.2 to 42.9) of participants reported having heard of the term AR. Knowledge of AR was significantly higher with younger age (p=0.006), higher education attainment (p<0.001), professional occupations (p=0.001) and higher socioeconomic status (p=0.014).\n\nConclusions: The study revealed limited awareness of the term AR among urban residents and considerable antibiotic use. These findings highlight the need to strengthen community-level awareness and promote the rational use of antibiotics through appropriate public health strategies. However, given the cross-sectional design, the observed associations should not be interpreted as causal.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Community Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi, KL, India"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 13,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mufeeda Moidu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Omkar Krishnan R U"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Rohit Vinod",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-1280-796X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sreelakshmi Mohandas K"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Nikitha T"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Pooja Remesh"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Roshini Subaraj"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "S S Ganga"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Pratheekshaa Pramod"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Raj M Prakash"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Neha Thekkumthala Paramba"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ritu Ravichandran"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Brilly M Rose"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8y9kt7afqc75h.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1136/bmjopen-2026-122134",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13723835/",
  "id": "8y9kt7afqc75h",
  "issns": [
    "2044-6055",
    "2044-6055"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://bmjopen.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmjopen-2026-122134",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "1506"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "1724"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Research"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Public Health"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13723835",
  "pmid": "42957302",
  "published": "2026-10-29",
  "publisher": "BMJ",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8y9kt7afqc75h.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:44Z",
      "native_id": "10.1136/bmjopen-2026-122134",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://bmjopen.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmjopen-2026-122134"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T12:22:24Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13723835",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2026-122134"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "heading:Public Health",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Knowledge of antibiotic resistance and prevalence of antibiotic usage among urban residents of Kochi, India: a community-based cross-sectional study",
  "title_text": "Knowledge of antibiotic resistance and prevalence of antibiotic usage among urban residents of Kochi, India: a community-based cross-sectional study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-05T12:20:35Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8y9kt7afqc75h",
  "venue": "BMJ Open",
  "versions": []
}