{
  "abstract": "Background: In children with residual obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) despite combined adenotonsillectomy (TA) and semi-rapid maxillary expansion (SRME), the optimal further management remains unclear. This study evaluated the effect of a 12-month programme of orofacial myofunctional therapy (OMFT) on residual OSA in this population. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 80 children (aged 7–9 years) with polysomnography-confirmed residual OSA (respiratory disturbance index [RDI] ≥ 1 event/h) after combined TA and SRME were followed for 12 months. Forty-one children completed a 12-month course of OMFT, and 39 did not, due to compliance concerns, cost/access barriers, or parental preference. RDI at 12-month follow-up (RDIfinal) was compared between groups by t-test and by a covariate-adjusted general linear model. Results: Mean baseline RDI did not differ between groups (p = 0.21). At follow-up, mean RDIfinal was 0.49 events/hour in the OMT group versus 5.26 in controls (p < 0.001; Cohen’s d = 3.64), a difference that persisted after adjustment for treatment order, sex, age, race, and BMI (p < 0.001). Conclusions: A 12-month OMT programme was associated with near-normal respiratory indices in children with residual OSA after combined TA and SRME, while untreated residual OSA showed mild deterioration. Given the non-randomised design, this should be interpreted as a strong association rather than a confirmed causal effect, and a randomised trial is warranted.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, Tisza Lajos Krt. 64–66., 6720 Szeged, Hungary",
    "Research Faculty, Excellence in Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics (EODO), Haberfield, NSW 2045, Australia",
    "Graduate Research Academy, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Derek Mahony",
      "orcid": "0009-0008-8382-2160"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Niroj Bhattarai",
      "orcid": "0009-0001-0032-8415"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Peter Petocz",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1266-0060"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Peter Borbély"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Krisztina Kárpáti",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7460-071X"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8yevbtb9nktvy.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/jcm15197676",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13665989/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "8yevbtb9nktvy",
  "issns": [
    "2077-0383"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13665989",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2737|Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7204998191",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13665989/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13665989",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8yevbtb9nktvy.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:31Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13665989",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13665989"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:00Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/jcm15197676",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/19/7676"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2737|Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research",
      "subfield": "physiology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy to Treat Residual Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Children Treated with Adenotonsillectomy and Maxillary Expansion: An Interventional Study",
  "title_text": "Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy to Treat Residual Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Children Treated with Adenotonsillectomy and Maxillary Expansion: An Interventional Study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:00Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8yevbtb9nktvy",
  "venue": "Journal of clinical medicine",
  "versions": []
}