{
  "abstract": "The tidal deformability of compact stars encodes the equation of state of dense matter, and gravitational-wave observations such as GW170817 have begun to constrain it under the assumption of a fluid interior. Yet whether the interior of pulsar-like compact stars is fluid or solid remains largely untested, despite the distinct tidal responses the two states predict. In this work, based on the strangeon-star model, we develop a framework for modeling tidal deformation in solid compact stars. Adopting a shear modulus of μ = 1034 erg cm−3, we find a relative difference of approximately 30 % in tidal deformability between solid and fluid strangeon stars of 1.4 M⊙, corresponding to a ~10 % deviation from the universal I–Love relation. We further model the accumulation of internal strain during binary inspiral and find that it peaks near the stellar center. When the gravitational-wave frequency reaches several hundred $\\rm Hz$, the strain in a large fraction of the stellar volume exceeds the adopted threshold σ = 10−3, and the elastic energy stored in the threshold-exceeding region reaches ~1046 erg at these frequencies. A solid-to-fluid transition would alter the tidal response and could imprint on the waveform and phase of the emitted gravitational radiation. Combined with the precursor electromagnetic emission, these gravitational-wave signatures offer a multi-messenger avenue to test the solid nature of pulsar-like compact stars.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Physics, Peking University , Beijing 100871 ,",
    "Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) , 14476 Potsdam ,",
    "Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics , Peking University, Beijing 100871 ,",
    "State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology , Peking University, Beijing 100871 ,",
    "School of Physics, Peking University Department of Astronomy, , Beijing 100871 ,"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hongxiang Shen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yong Gao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Hong-Bo Li",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4850-8351"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        4,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Ren-Xin Xu",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9042-3044"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8yexj35d70wrw.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1093/mnras/stag2059",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "8yexj35d70wrw",
  "issns": [
    "0035-8711",
    "1365-2966"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://academic.oup.com/mnras/advance-article/doi/10.1093/mnras/stag2059/9012726",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://academic.oup.com/mnras/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/mnras/stag2059/73037083/stag2059.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-04",
  "publisher": "Oxford University Press (OUP)",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8yexj35d70wrw.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-05T00:20:45Z",
      "native_id": "10.1093/mnras/stag2059",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://academic.oup.com/mnras/advance-article/doi/10.1093/mnras/stag2059/9012726"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "journal-openalex:3103|Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies",
      "subfield": "stellar"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Tidal Deformation and Strain Accumulation of Solid Compact Stars",
  "title_text": "Tidal Deformation and Strain Accumulation of Solid Compact Stars",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-05T00:20:45Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8yexj35d70wrw",
  "venue": "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",
  "versions": []
}