{
  "abstract": "Background\n\nSurgical wound infections are a common healthcare-associated complication and are complicated by antimicrobial resistance, which limits empirical treatment options. Local pathogen and susceptibility data are needed to guide empirical therapy and stewardship in Azerbaijan.Aim\n\nThe aim of this study was to describe the microbiological profile of surgical wound cultures and the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of recovered isolates in a tertiary hospital in Azerbaijan.Methods\n\nA retrospective laboratory-based study was conducted from August to December 2024 using surgical wound culture records and susceptibility data. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration-based methods and interpreted according to European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing criteria.Findings\n\nOut of 344 surgical wound culture records, 45 had no microbial growth and 299 were analysed. The most frequent micro-organisms were Staphylococcus aureus (84/299, 28.1%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (54/299, 18.1%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (24/299, 8.0%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (22/299, 7.4%), and Escherichia coli (19/299, 6.4%). Among S. aureus isolates, 13 of 84 (15.5%) were methicillin-resistant S. aureus. All tested S. aureus isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and linezolid. Ps. aeruginosa showed the highest susceptibility to meropenem (90.7%), amikacin (85.2%), and imipenem (82.7%). Among Enterobacterales, carbapenems showed the highest overall in-vitro activity in the tested panels. Of 195 isolates eligible for multi-drug-resistant (MDR)/extensively drug-resistant (XDR) assessment, 93 (47.7%) were MDR, including 8 (4.1%) possible XDR and 2 (1.0%) as confirmed XDR.Conclusion\n\nSurgical wound cultures were dominated by S. aureus and non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli. Given increasing resistance, particularly among Gram-negative pathogens and persistent surveillance gaps, these findings support routine culture-based diagnosis and use of local susceptibility data to guide empirical therapy and antimicrobial stewardship.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan.",
    "Microbiological Laboratory, Main Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Tarana H Suleymanova"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Gunduz A Garayev"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hagigat A Gadirova"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ravil M Huseynov"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Orkhan A Mukhtarov"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8yjw89vsepw78.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.infpip.2026.100570",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13682002",
  "id": "8yjw89vsepw78",
  "issns": [
    "2590-0889"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42904070",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1313|Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7168285644",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13682002?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13682002",
  "pmid": "42904070",
  "published": "2026-07-14",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8yjw89vsepw78.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:59Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42904070",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42904070"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:1313|Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Microbiological profile and antimicrobial resistance of surgical wound infections in a tertiary hospital in Azerbaijan.",
  "title_text": "Microbiological profile and antimicrobial resistance of surgical wound infections in a tertiary hospital in Azerbaijan.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:59Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8yjw89vsepw78",
  "venue": "Infection prevention in practice",
  "versions": []
}