{
  "abstract": "A bstract : We revisit electric and magnetic surface charges and edge modes in four-dimensional Maxwell theory and QED on a spacetime with a finite spatial boundary. Using the S-wall, which implements electromagnetic duality, we clarify the dual structure of surface charges. We show that, for the standard Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions, large gauge transformations and the corresponding shifts of edge modes are gauge redundancies rather than physical boundary symmetries. We also consider singular large gauge transformations and interpret them as insertions of Wilson or ’t Hooft loops on the boundary. For modified boundary conditions, we show that large gauge transformations can become genuine physical boundary symmetries generated by topological surface operators, and that the corresponding edge modes can become physical. We further construct new boundary conditions that are electromagnetic duals of the modified boundary conditions.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Kyoto University",
    "Hokkaido University",
    "RIKEN Center for Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences (iTHEMS), RIKEN"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Keito Shimizu",
      "orcid": "0009-0003-5200-6092"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Sotaro Sugishita",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8885-6094"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8z0tcfxa9rfky.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1007/jhep10(2026)026",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "8z0tcfxa9rfky",
  "issns": [
    "1029-8479"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://link.springer.com/10.1007/JHEP10(2026)026",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "3107|Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7162688955",
  "pdf_url": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/JHEP10(2026)026.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-02",
  "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8z0tcfxa9rfky.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:01Z",
      "native_id": "10.1007/jhep10(2026)026",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://link.springer.com/10.1007/JHEP10(2026)026"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "openalex:3107|Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics",
      "subfield": "amo"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Revisiting boundary electromagnetic duality and edge modes",
  "title_text": "Revisiting boundary electromagnetic duality and edge modes",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:01Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/8z0tcfxa9rfky",
  "venue": "Journal of High Energy Physics",
  "versions": []
}