{
  "abstract": "Aim\n\nTo evaluate whether nocturia ≥ 3/night stratifies 5-year fragility-fracture risk in older urology outpatients and to explore its prognostic performance alongside the N-QoL and IPSS.Methods\n\nWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of urology outpatients aged ≥ 65 years at Hachinohe City Hospital, Japan, between 2015 and 2024. After exclusion of patients with prior fragility fracture, bone metastasis, or pathological fracture, and application of a 3-month landmark, 2290 participants were included. The primary outcome was first non-pathological fragility fracture. Bone metastasis and death were treated as competing events. Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard models were adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, and diabetes. To complement effect estimates, standardized 5-year cumulative incidence was estimated using model-based standardization.Results\n\nOver a median follow-up of 48.1 months, 98 fragility fractures occurred; 42 bone metastases and 18 deaths were treated as competing events. Nocturia ≥ 3/night was associated with higher fracture risk than nocturia < 3/night (subdistribution hazard ratio [sHR] 2.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.41-3.17). Impaired N-QoL was also associated with higher risk (sHR 1.92, 95% CI 1.12-3.30), whereas severe IPSS showed a weaker association (sHR 1.79, 95% CI 1.00-3.22). The standardized 5-year fracture risk was 9.8% for nocturia ≥ 3/night and 4.8% for nocturia < 3/night, corresponding to an absolute difference of 5.0 percentage points.Conclusions\n\nNocturia ≥ 3/night was associated with higher 5-year fragility-fracture risk and may prompt consideration of falls and bone-health assessment in older urology outpatients.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Urology, Hachinohe City Hospital, Aomori, Japan.",
    "Department of Urology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Kunihisa Nezu",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4238-866X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Maiko Yamashita"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Shingo Myoen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Naoki Kawamorita"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/90mabrfb7p94s.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1111/ggi.70886",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13681241",
  "id": "90mabrfb7p94s",
  "issns": [
    "1444-1586",
    "1447-0594"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42899383",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2748|Urinary Bladder and Prostate Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7222999406",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13681241?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13681241",
  "pmid": "42899383",
  "published": "2026-10-01",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/90mabrfb7p94s.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:37Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42899383",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42899383"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2748|Urinary Bladder and Prostate Research",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Nocturia ≥ 3/Night and 5-Year Fragility Fracture Risk in Older Urology Outpatients.",
  "title_text": "Nocturia ≥ 3/Night and 5-Year Fragility Fracture Risk in Older Urology Outpatients.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:37Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/90mabrfb7p94s",
  "venue": "Geriatrics & gerontology international",
  "versions": []
}