{
  "abstract": "Background: The prevalence of third molar extraction varies by population and is affected by age, dental hygiene, impaction, and anatomical variation. Locally generated evidence from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, is limited.\n\nMethod: A hospital-based, cross-sectional study was conducted at two private and two public hospitals in Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, from October 2023 to March 2024. Using non-probability consecutive sampling, 227 permanently resident patients aged ≥18 years were enrolled and interviewed using a structured, pre-tested questionnaire. Data were analysed in SPSS v22 using frequencies, percentages, and the Pearson chi-square test, with significance set at p<0.05.\n\nResults: Of 227 patients, 124 (54.6%) were male; 103 (45.4%) were female; 58 (25.6%) had a history of third molar extraction, 30/58 (51.7%) male and 28/58 (48.3%) female (χ²=0.265, p=0.648). Impaction was the leading indication (30/58, 51.7%), followed by infection (12/58, 20.7%), grossly carious teeth (10/58, 17.2%), pain (5/58, 8.6%), and crowding (1/58, 1.7%). Extraction was significantly associated with age (χ²=14.57, df=3, p=0.002) and education level (χ²=9.295, df=3, p=0.026), being most frequent among patients aged 15–30 years (28/58, 48.3%).\n\nConclusions: About one in four dental patients in Swat had undergone third molar extraction, most commonly for impaction. Younger age and lower education level were significantly associated with extraction, supporting individualised, age-targeted treatment planning and preventive oral health counselling.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Nantong University China School of Public Health",
    "Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Institute of Medical Sciences Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan.",
    "School of Public Health, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China.",
    "Valley Heart Institute of Medical Sciences Pvt. Ltd Rahimabad, Mingora, Swat, KPK, Pakistan."
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Asad Khan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hafsa Ashraf"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Muhammad Yaqoob"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Shafee Ullah"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Muhammad Zeeshan"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/91nb4xphz9m6v.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.36283/ziun-pjmd15-4/004",
  "fulltext_url": "https://ojs.zu.edu.pk/pjmd/article/view/4842",
  "id": "91nb4xphz9m6v",
  "issns": [
    "2313-7371",
    "2308-2593"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.36283/ziun-pjmd15-4/004",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "QD415-436"
    ],
    [
      "lcc",
      "R5-920"
    ],
    [
      "lcc",
      "RK1-715"
    ],
    [
      "lcc",
      "RM1-950"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-01",
  "publisher": "ziauddin University",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/91nb4xphz9m6v.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T14:20:56Z",
      "native_id": "0ab3a3b2a98e4ff7a5d3f584ddc48a65",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.36283/ziun-pjmd15-4/004"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biochemistry",
      "origin": "lcc:QD415-436",
      "subfield": "general"
    },
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "lcc:RM1-950",
      "subfield": "pharmacology-toxicology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Clinical Patterns, Indications, and Determinants of Third Molar Extraction among Dental Patients",
  "title_text": "Clinical Patterns, Indications, and Determinants of Third Molar Extraction among Dental Patients",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-06T14:20:21Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/91nb4xphz9m6v",
  "venue": "Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry",
  "versions": []
}