{
  "abstract": "Euclidean wormholes can break the axion shift symmetry, and when this symmetry is broken, a periodic potential is created for the axion, and the curvature of this potential at a minimum point can give the axion mass. In this work, we take seriously the assumption that the mere existence of a wormhole does not mean that the axion mass is uniquely determined, and that more information is needed to determine it. We first show that since for a Giddings--Strominger wormhole with symmetry \\(O(4)\\), the gravitational Pontryagin density is zero, the dynamical Chern--Simons interaction can affect quantum effects, including the determinant phase and fermionic selection rules, without changing the classical wormhole action. We also conclude that in a fixed \\(α\\) sector, the axion can have a specific mass, but this mass depends on the baby-universe state and is not a universal value. Then, for the mixed case of \\(α\\) sectors that give a distribution of conditional masses, we show that the lower edge of the averaged spectral measure is determined by the essential infimum of the conditional mass squared over the $α$ distribution. Finally, we conclude that even if almost all individual sectors are massive and the mean mass squared is also non-zero, if the support of the measure accumulates at the symmetric point \\(α=0\\), the averaged spectral measure will be gapless. To clarify the discussion, we consider a clear example of this situation, which can be a Gaussian baby-universe state, and show that in it the spectral threshold starts at zero and there is no isolated massive pole. Therefore, predicting the mass and cosmology of a gravi-axion from a wormhole without specifying the baby-universe state is not a unique, state-independent prediction.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.04191",
  "author_total": 1,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Amin Rezaei Akbarieh"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/91z7t7s5s26fk.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.04191",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "91z7t7s5s26fk",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.04191",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "hep-th"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3106|Black Holes and Theoretical Physics"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7208724773",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.04191",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-03",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/91z7t7s5s26fk.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:31Z",
      "native_id": "2609.04191",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.04191"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:hep-th",
      "subfield": "high-energy"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Baby-universe state dependence of the wormhole-induced gravi-axion mass gap",
  "title_text": "Baby-universe state dependence of the wormhole-induced gravi-axion mass gap",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:31Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/91z7t7s5s26fk",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}