{
  "abstract": "Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were covalently modified with aromatic (5-phenylvaleryl, 5PC), long-chain aliphatic (pentadecanoyl, PDC), and oxygen-rich/carboxylated (adipoyl, ACC) chemistries to create a tunable surface interface for detecting volatile and semivolatile chemical biomarkers. Following oxidative activation, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) amination, and acyl-chloride coupling, successful attachment and differentiation of linker classes were evaluated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), and C KLL Auger analysis. Distinct spectroscopic fingerprints corresponding to aromatic, aliphatic, and oxygenated functionalities were resolved despite the intrinsically carbon-rich substrate. These orthogonal signatures provide a compact quality-control strategy for CNT functionalization and establish a framework for correlating surface chemistry with predicted analyte interactions, including aromatic interactions, nonpolar adsorption, and acid–base or hydrogen-bond pairing. This surface chemistry palette is intended to enable flexible CNT-based sensor arrays for noninvasive monitoring of clinically relevant biomarkers, including ketones associated with diabetes, nitrogen-containing species linked to chronic kidney disease, and volatile compounds implicated in preictal seizure states. Sensor-level performance was not evaluated in the present study and is the subject of ongoing device work.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "University of Georgia , , , ,",
    "Brenau University , , , ,"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ashley Galanti",
      "orcid": "0009-0002-0746-3748"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Amin Trabelsi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Ryan Maynard"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Maximo Reyes"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ramaraja Ramasamy"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mark Haidekker"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/920wmk6mfe38s.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1021/acsomega.6c06619",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "920wmk6mfe38s",
  "issns": [
    "2470-1343"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/doi/10.1021/acsomega.6c06619/5460520/Functionalization-of-Carbon-Nanotubes-with-5",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsomega.6c06619",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-29",
  "publisher": "American Chemical Society (ACS)",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/920wmk6mfe38s.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:40Z",
      "native_id": "10.1021/acsomega.6c06619",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/doi/10.1021/acsomega.6c06619/5460520/Functionalization-of-Carbon-Nanotubes-with-5"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "issn:2470-1343",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes with 5-Phenylvaleryl, Pentadecanoyl, and Adipoyl Chloride: Synthesis and Spectroscopic Surface Analysis Toward Biomarker Sensing",
  "title_text": "Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes with 5-Phenylvaleryl, Pentadecanoyl, and Adipoyl Chloride: Synthesis and Spectroscopic Surface Analysis Toward Biomarker Sensing",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-31T00:20:49Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/920wmk6mfe38s",
  "venue": "ACS Omega",
  "versions": []
}