{
  "abstract": "Standard competition-based multiple testing methods -- such as the knockoff filter and the target-decoy procedure -- are typically formulated as head-to-head competitions between a test unit and its assigned negative control unit. Motivated by real-world applications, which leverage any available negative controls, we study this competition-based framework in more intricate settings where competitions vary in size and structure. We propose new methods based on compound p-values -- p-values that are superuniform only on aggregate -- that enable powerful multiple testing with broader competition structures, via the Bonferroni and Benjamini-Hochberg procedures. The former provides exact familywise error rate control, whereas the latter may incur a false discovery rate inflation factor, for which we derive upper bounds across a range of settings. We showcase the performance of our general competition-based testing methodology through extensive simulations and real-data applications, including analyses of virtual spatial transcriptomics and CRISPR screen datasets that exhibit precisely the complex competition structures that motivate our methods.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2610.20411",
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Junu Lee"
    },
    {
      "name": "Rina Foygel Barber"
    },
    {
      "name": "Richard J. Samworth"
    },
    {
      "name": "Zhimei Ren"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/92nh5h8t1jnek.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2610.20411",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "92nh5h8t1jnek",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.20411",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "stat.ME"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2613|Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7222212780",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2610.20411",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-14",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/92nh5h8t1jnek.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:29:42Z",
      "native_id": "2610.20411",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.20411"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "mathematics",
      "origin": "arxiv:stat.ME",
      "subfield": "statistics"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Compound p-values for competition-based testing",
  "title_text": "Compound p-values for competition-based testing",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:29:42Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/92nh5h8t1jnek",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}