{
  "abstract": "It is known that the Sivers effect is described as a twist-3 effect within the collinear factorization framework and has the characteristic feature that it arises from the pole contribution in a hard parton scattering. The calculation formalism that focuses only on the pole part was established in the 2000s and SSAs were calculated for many processes in $ep$ and $pp$ collisions. On the other hand, there also exists a contribution from twist-3 fragmentation functions regarded as the Collins effect. The Collins effect arises from the nonpole part of the hard scattering and its calculation is formulated in a somewhat different manner from that for the Sivers effect. In recent years, some attempts have been made to revisit the Sivers effect by applying the ``nonpole'' formalism developed for the Collins effect. For $ep$ collisions, this approach has successfully reproduced the known results. For $pp$ collisions, however, the presence of both initial-state-interaction and final-state-interaction makes the calculation more complicated and the known results have not yet been reproduced. In this paper, we provide a solution to this problem and develop the nonpole method so that it can be applied to the Sivers effect in any process.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.02130",
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Longjie Chen"
    },
    {
      "name": "Shinsuke Yoshida"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/93zgv5p4xhtb8.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.02130",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "93zgv5p4xhtb8",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.02130",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "hep-ph"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3106|Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7207774270",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.02130",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-02",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/93zgv5p4xhtb8.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:16Z",
      "native_id": "2609.02130",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.02130"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:hep-ph",
      "subfield": "high-energy"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Extension of the non-pole technique to the twist-3 gluon distribution contribution in $pp$ collisions",
  "title_text": "Extension of the non-pole technique to the twist-3 gluon distribution contribution in pp collisions",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:16Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/93zgv5p4xhtb8",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}