{
  "abstract": "Background: Chronic hepatitis delta (CHD) causes severe chronic viral hepatitis. Objective: This study examines the predictors and outcomes of CHD course in a large contemporary cohort. Design: CHD patients with ≥3 years follow-up from the multicentre retrospective D-SOLVE and hepatitis D virus (HDV)-1000 database (6 European centres) were enrolled. Longitudinal changes in biochemical and laboratory markers were analysed. Time-to-event analysis was performed and predictors of liver-related events (LREs) were assessed with univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis. Results: Among a total of 1004 patients, 565 (56%) with ≥3 years follow-up were included. Patients had a mean (SD) age of 45 (12) years, with 55% men and 60% of European origin. At baseline, 77.8% were HDV RNA+, 39.8% had cirrhosis and 45% had previous interferon therapy. During a median (IQR) follow-up of 55 (46-62) months, 48 patients progressed to cirrhosis at 1, 3 and 5-year cumulative incidence of 1.8%, 5.6% and 13.6%, respectively. De-novo LREs occurred in 47 (9%) patients at 1, 3 and 5-year cumulative incidence of 0.8%, 2.4% and 10.8%, respectively. Cox regression analysis showed that anti-hepatitis C virus+ (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR)=1.72, 95% CI 1.22 to 5.88) and elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) (aHR=2.77, 95% CI 1.22 to 6.27) at baseline were significantly associated with cirrhosis onset, while older age (aHR=1.03, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.07), elevated GGT (aHR=4.38, 95% CI 1.81 to 10.57), detectable HDV RNA (aHR=10.32, 95% CI 1.34 to 79.53) and cirrhosis diagnosis (aHR=2.23, 95% CI 1.03 to 4.84) correlated with LREs. The risk for LREs increased from HDV RNA ≥1000 IU/mL, while hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) levels did not correlate with disease progression. Conclusions: In a large real-life cohort of CHD patients, older age, GGT elevation, cirrhosis and detectable HDV RNA were the main determinants of liver-related outcomes, with worse prognosis noted from HDV RNA ≥1000 IU/mL.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 21,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Habiba Kamal"
    },
    {
      "name": "Elisabetta Degasperi"
    },
    {
      "name": "Monica Radu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Dana Sambarino"
    },
    {
      "name": "Anika Wranke"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ivana Carey"
    },
    {
      "name": "Miroslava Subic-Levrero"
    },
    {
      "name": "Karin Lindahl"
    },
    {
      "name": "Lisa Sandmann"
    },
    {
      "name": "Petra Dörge"
    },
    {
      "name": "Julia Kahlhöfer"
    },
    {
      "name": "Fabien Zoulim"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kosh Agarwal"
    },
    {
      "name": "Soo Aleman"
    },
    {
      "name": "Florin Alexandru Caruntu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Pietro Lampertico"
    },
    {
      "name": "Heiner Wedemeyer"
    },
    {
      "name": "Thomas F. Baumert"
    },
    {
      "name": "Frank Jühling"
    },
    {
      "name": "Joachim Lupberger"
    },
    {
      "name": "Eloi Verrier"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/94kmrpvyzqdzb.bib",
  "cited_by": 1,
  "doi": "10.1136/gutjnl-2025-336234",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "94kmrpvyzqdzb",
  "issns": [
    "0017-5749",
    "1468-3288"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://univoak.hal.science/hal-05856635v1",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "hal",
      "0.sdv"
    ],
    [
      "hal",
      "1.sdv.mhep"
    ],
    [
      "hal",
      "2.sdv.mhep.heg"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2713|Hepatitis B Virus Studies"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7165048855",
  "pdf_url": "https://univoak.hal.science/hal-05856635/document",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-08",
  "publisher": "BMJ Publishing Group",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/94kmrpvyzqdzb.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-09T12:20:29Z",
      "native_id": "hal-05856635",
      "source": "hal",
      "url": "https://univoak.hal.science/hal-05856635v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2713|Hepatitis B Virus Studies",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Course and clinical outcomes of chronic hepatitis delta: a longitudinal analysis of 565 patients from the D-SOLVE and HDV-1000 consortia",
  "title_text": "Course and clinical outcomes of chronic hepatitis delta: a longitudinal analysis of 565 patients from the D-SOLVE and HDV-1000 consortia",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T12:20:29Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/94kmrpvyzqdzb",
  "venue": "Gut",
  "versions": []
}