{
  "abstract": "Quantum compilation reconciles a program's idealized interaction topology with hardware locality constraints, yet evaluations at scale lack calibrated references for realization overhead. We present QROB, a scalable reverse-construction methodology that generates compilation instances backward from directly realizable configurations, retaining the inverse paths as feasible, compiler-independent references. QROB provides a common evaluation substrate for NISQ SWAP routing and fault-tolerant lattice-surgery scheduling, while extending its reference-preserving principle to capacity-constrained quantum memory-access scheduling. Across systems ranging from 9 to 156 qubits, evaluations highlight QROB's utility as both a diagnostic benchmark and a data source. First, for compiler characterization, QROB reveals substantial realization gaps in existing tools, with NISQ compilers incurring up to 24.1x the reference SWAP cost and fault-tolerant compilers requiring up to 7.0x the reference makespan. Second, as a supervision source for data-driven compilation, a router trained on QROB references outperforms Qiskit SABRE on 84.8% of real-world application circuits. Finally, on real hardware, QROB reference realizations achieve a median mirror-circuit survival rate 1.65x that of full Qiskit O3 compilations across three 156-qubit IBM Heron-r2 processors, demonstrating that closing algorithmic compilation gaps translates directly into physical fidelity gains.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.07776",
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Jintao Li"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kaiqi Li"
    },
    {
      "name": "Rui Wang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yilun Zhao"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kaixuan Huang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ying Wang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Jialin Zhang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Zheng-An Wang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Xiaoming Sun"
    },
    {
      "name": "Heng Fan"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/94tye3asjv7sr.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.07776",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "94tye3asjv7sr",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.07776",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "cs.AR"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1702|Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7212064976",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.07776",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-07",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/94tye3asjv7sr.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:48Z",
      "native_id": "2609.07776",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.07776"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:quant-ph",
      "subfield": "quantum"
    }
  ],
  "title": "QROB: Quantifying Realization Overhead in Quantum Compilation via Reverse Construction",
  "title_text": "QROB: Quantifying Realization Overhead in Quantum Compilation via Reverse Construction",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:48Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/94tye3asjv7sr",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}