{
  "abstract": "Background: Continuous multimodal cerebral monitoring may improve detection and management of secondary injury after pediatric moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (msTBI). We developed and validated a prognostic model for 6-month functional outcome integrating regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO₂), bispectral index (BIS), clinical and biomarker data.\n\nMethods: Prospective cohort of 93 children with msTBI monitored with rScO₂ and BIS (monitoring group) and a retrospective control cohort of 66 children without such monitoring. Primary outcome was Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at 6 months. Multivariate logistic regression identified independent predictors; a nomogram was constructed and internally validated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC), calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA).\n\nResults: Total N = 159. Monitoring-group patients had shorter hospital and pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) lengths of stay and shorter invasive ventilation duration than controls ( p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified admission Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) [odds ratio (OR) 1.939, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.261 ~ 2.984, p = 0.003], mean rScO₂ (OR 1.121, 95%CI: 1.027 ~ 1.225, p = 0.011), mean BIS (OR 1.115, 95%CI: 1.041 ~ 1.193, p = 0.002) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) (OR 0.843, 95%CI: 0.769 ~ 0.924, p < 0.001) as independent outcome-associated variables. The nomogram achieved AUC 0.91 (95%CI: 0.84–0.97), with favorable calibration and net clinical benefit on DCA.\n\nConclusion: A prognostic model combining admission GCS, mean rScO₂, mean BIS and NSE provides accurate individual risk estimation for pediatric msTBI and may assist bedside risk stratification and management decisions.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "PICU, Qinghai Provincial Women and Children's Hospital"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Baowen Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ruhai Ma"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zhuyun Tian"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Youcang Wan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xiaoli Zhong"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Wenhai Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Weixiao Yan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Shengkui Zhao"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/98f7c19ffsbjx.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fnins.2026.1866247",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13719534/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "98f7c19ffsbjx",
  "issns": [
    "1662-453X",
    "1662-4548"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2026.1866247/full",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2728|Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7222525251",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2026.1866247/pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13719534",
  "pmid": "42964286",
  "published": "2026-10-16",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/98f7c19ffsbjx.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:23Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fnins.2026.1866247",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2026.1866247/full"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:21:36Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13719534",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13719534"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-02T12:23:29Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13719534",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2026.1866247"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2728|Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances",
      "subfield": "neurology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Prognostic prediction model construction and validation based on regional cerebral oxygen saturation and bispectral index monitoring in pediatric traumatic brain injury",
  "title_text": "Prognostic prediction model construction and validation based on regional cerebral oxygen saturation and bispectral index monitoring in pediatric traumatic brain injury",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-03T12:20:34Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/98f7c19ffsbjx",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Neuroscience",
  "versions": []
}