{
  "abstract": "Purpose: To investigate the correlation of ¹⁸ F-FDG PET/CT metabolic patterns and clinical parameters with disease severity in patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AE).\n\nMethods: We retrospectively analyzed 35 AE patients who underwent ¹⁸ F-FDG PET/CT at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between March 2021 and December 2023. Clinical and auxiliary examination data were collected and analyzed using the t -test, Mann–Whitney U test, Fisher’s exact test, and Spearman correlation. Metabolic patterns on PET/CT were assessed both visually and using Cortex ID software across severity groups.\n\nResults: Among the 35 AE patients (21 males, 14 females), 16 were classified as mild and 19 as moderate-to-severe. Compared to the mild group, the moderate-to-severe group exhibited significantly elevated neutrophil percentages and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), alongside reduced lymphocyte percentages, lymphocyte counts, and serum calcium ion levels (Z = −2.75 to 2.30; all p < 0.05). ¹⁸ F-FDG PET/CT demonstrated a higher abnormality detection rate than brain MRI ( p < 0.05). The most common imaging finding was hypometabolism in the brain parenchyma, predominantly involving the parietal and occipital lobes. Furthermore, CASE scores demonstrated a negative correlation with Z-scores in the right medial frontal lobe, right superior parietal lobe, and bilateral lateral occipital lobes ( r = −0.456 to −0.567; all p < 0.05).\n\nConclusion: In addition to clinical symptoms, specific cerebrospinal fluid and serum biomarkers may help evaluate AE severity. ¹⁸ F-FDG PET/CT demonstrates a higher abnormality detection rate than brain MRI, and we preliminarily observed a correlation between regional hypometabolism and clinical severity scores.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , ,",
    "Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , ,"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Baocheng Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ning Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Weiwei Kong"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yirong Zhu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jiaxi You"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yanlin Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yizhen Shi"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/98h2nd0cyygk4.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fneur.2026.1880946",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13661387/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "98h2nd0cyygk4",
  "issns": [
    "1664-2295"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13661387",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2728|Autoimmune Neurological Disorders and Treatments"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214975528",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13661387/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13661387",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-30",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/98h2nd0cyygk4.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:20Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13661387",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13661387"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:16Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fneur.2026.1880946",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2026.1880946/full"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2728|Autoimmune Neurological Disorders and Treatments",
      "subfield": "neurology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic patterns and clinical parameters correlate with disease severity in autoimmune encephalitis",
  "title_text": "18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic patterns and clinical parameters correlate with disease severity in autoimmune encephalitis",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:16Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/98h2nd0cyygk4",
  "venue": "Frontiers in neurology",
  "versions": []
}