{
  "abstract": "X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) continues to develop as a powerful quantitative technique for high-resolution, label-free, elemental mapping of biological, environmental, and material samples. Methods for rigorously fitting spectra, increasing throughput, accounting for background signals, and deconvoluting overlapping emission lines continue to evolve. We show here that quantitative fits of XFM data obtained after removing a baseline, calculated by peak stripping, can be unexpectedly dependent upon acquisition dwell-time and spectral aggregation, leading to differences in apparent elemental content. Using mouse preimplantation embryos and ovarian follicles as model samples, we demonstrate how these variables influence quantitative comparisons between samples. We find that subtracting an empirically measured blank spectrum instead of a baseline provides quantitative XFM elemental mapping results that are independent of dwell time and spectral aggregation dependencies.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Microbiology, Genetics, and Immunology, Michigan State University, 567 Wilson Rd., East Lansing, Michigan48824, United States.",
    "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior St., Chicago, Illinois60611, United States.",
    "Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois60208, United States.",
    "Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, 965 Wilson Rd., East Lansing, Michigan48824, United States.",
    "Departments of Chemistry and Biophysics, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan48109, United States.",
    "Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Ln, East Lansing, Michigan48824, United States."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 10,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Andrew M Crawford",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4641-7955"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Julia Balough"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yu-Ying Chen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Qiaoling Jin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Keith W MacRenaris"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Seth Garwin"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Teresa K Woodruff"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Chris Jacobsen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "James E Penner-Hahn",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0314-1274"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        5
      ],
      "name": "Thomas V O'Halloran"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/98y30jwezxq9g.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1021/acs.analchem.6c03597",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13629300",
  "id": "98y30jwezxq9g",
  "issns": [
    "0003-2700",
    "1520-6882"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42916377",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "3108|X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7213438679",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13629300?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13629300",
  "pmid": "42916377",
  "published": "2026-09-01",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/98y30jwezxq9g.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:21:02Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42916377",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42916377"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "openalex:3108|X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis",
      "subfield": "applied-instrumentation"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Blank Spectrum Correction as a Robust Solution to Artifacts in Quantitative X-ray Fluorescence Mapping.",
  "title_text": "Blank Spectrum Correction as a Robust Solution to Artifacts in Quantitative X-ray Fluorescence Mapping.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:21:02Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/98y30jwezxq9g",
  "venue": "Analytical chemistry",
  "versions": []
}