{
  "abstract": "We present a multiwavelength analysis of a young bubble in the nuclear starburst of NGC 253 using new JWST MIRI–MRS observations together with archival ALMA (100, 350, 690 GHz) and Chandra data. The MIRI maps reveal a prominent bubble-like structure in both ionized and molecular emission lines. The bubble is spatially coincident with one of the least embedded massive young clusters detected with ALMA, suggesting that the cluster is driving the expansion. We measure a radius of ∼11.5 ± 3.4 pc and an expansion velocity of ∼90 ± 44 km s ⁻¹ , implying a dynamical age of ∼0.1 ± 0.1 Myr. Using RADEX modeling of multiple CO transitions, we infer a molecular mass in the range of (1.3 ± 0.3) × 10 ⁴ to (2.8 ± 0.8) × 10 ⁵ M ⊙ . We derive a kinetic energy on the order 10 ⁵¹⁻⁵² erg, consistent with mechanical input from Wolf–Rayet stellar winds or supernovae in a ∼10 ⁶ M ⊙ cluster. The existence of a large population of Wolf–Rayet stars or past supernovae is supported by the presence of coincident X-ray emission. Our results provide direct evidence that individual clusters in a nuclear environment can carve out coherent structures on parsec scales and inject significant energy and momentum into the surrounding interstellar medium, which can contribute to the nuclear outflow in NGC 253.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "University of Kansas",
    "University of Toledo",
    "University of Maryland",
    "Space Telescope Science Institute",
    "Universität Heidelberg",
    "European Space Agency",
    "University of Wyoming",
    "National Radio Astronomy Observatory",
    "Universidad de Concepción",
    "Millennium Nucleus for Galaxies",
    "California Institute of Technology",
    "The Ohio State University",
    "New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology",
    "Leiden University",
    "Universidad Diego Portales"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 34,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Kaitlyn E. Sheriff",
      "orcid": "0009-0005-8382-0614"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Elisabeth A. C. Mills",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8782-1992"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xinyu Mai",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5582-8521"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Utsav Siwakoti",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3633-0098"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Sara E. Duval",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0014-0508"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Alberto D. Bolatto",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5480-5686"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Rebecca C. Levy",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2508-2586"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Jia Wei Teh",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7863-5047"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Torsten Böker",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5666-7782"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Serena A. Cronin",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9511-1330"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Daniel A. Dale",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5782-9093"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Keaton Donaghue",
      "orcid": "0009-0004-5807-9142"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Kimberly Emig",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6527-6954"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Simon C. O. Glover",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6708-1317"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        8,
        9
      ],
      "name": "Rodrigo Herrera-Camus",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2775-0595"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Ralf S. Klessen",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0560-3172"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        10
      ],
      "name": "Thomas S.-Y. Lai",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8490-6632"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ashley E. Lieber",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1254-4174"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        10
      ],
      "name": "Laura Lenkić",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4023-8657"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        11
      ],
      "name": "Sebastian Lopez",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2644-0077"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        12
      ],
      "name": "David S. Meier",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9436-9471"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "Jüergen Ott",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-8224-1956"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "J. D. T. Smith",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1545-5078"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Yu-Hsuan Teng",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4209-1599"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        13
      ],
      "name": "Paul P. van der Werf",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5434-5942"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Sylvain Veilleux",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3158-6820"
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    {
      "affs": [
        9,
        14
      ],
      "name": "Vicente Villanueva",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5877-379X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Rachel Cionitti"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Joseph Havens",
      "orcid": "0009-0006-9141-4381"
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    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Maleah Rhem",
      "orcid": "0009-0008-9238-5871"
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    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Nathan Shaw",
      "orcid": "0009-0003-7692-9764"
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    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Kai Smith",
      "orcid": "0009-0002-1465-1958"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hazel Belfiore Wright",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-0155-8312"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Md Abdullah Al Zaman",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3696-2127"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9951mv1jmm9hx.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3847/1538-3881/aea6ac",
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  "id": "9951mv1jmm9hx",
  "issns": [
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    "1538-3881"
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  "landing_url": "https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/aea6ac",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
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      "3103|Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena"
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  "pdf_url": "https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/aea6ac/pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-12",
  "publisher": "American Astronomical Society",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9951mv1jmm9hx.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:14Z",
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      "url": "https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/aea6ac"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "openalex:3103|Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena",
      "subfield": "galaxies"
    }
  ],
  "title": "JWST Observations of Starbursts: A Young Bubble in NGC 253’s Central Starburst",
  "title_text": "JWST Observations of Starbursts: A Young Bubble in NGC 253’s Central Starburst",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:14Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9951mv1jmm9hx",
  "venue": "The Astronomical Journal",
  "versions": []
}