{
  "abstract": "Impaired cognitive flexibility, the ability to form and update latent structural associations, is a hallmark of psychiatric conditions such as obsessive-compulsive (OC) disorder, yet its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Using a novel structural inference task, we dissociated three candidate mechanisms: (i) initial acquisition of associative structures, (ii) belief updating following structural changes, and (iii) inference about unobserved associations. In a large general-population sample (N=313), transdiagnostically characterised OC symptoms were linked to impaired updating following structural change and reduced generalisation to unobserved associations, whilst initial learning remained intact. Using fMRI (N=51), we found this was driven by overrepresenting structurally irrelevant associations in medial orbitofrontal cortex, and impaired formation of novel latent associations in posterior hippocampus. These findings reveal that OC-related cognitive inflexibility is grounded in dissociable fronto-hippocampal representational failures that impair structural model revision, rather than the capacity to acquire latent associations in the first place.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Georgios Tertikas"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nadescha Trudel"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tricia Seow"
    },
    {
      "name": "Miriam Klein-Flugge"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tobias U. Hauser"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/99p4bmtg7xyxm.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.31234/osf.io/5dnce_v1",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "99p4bmtg7xyxm",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/5dnce_v1/",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "bepress",
      "Clinical Neuroscience"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Clinical Psychology"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Cognitive Neuroscience"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Cognitive Psychology"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Concepts and Categories"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Judgment and Decision Making"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Learning"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Mental Disorders"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Neuroscience"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Obsessive-compulsive and Related Disorders"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Psychiatry"
    ],
    [
      "bepress",
      "Social and Behavioral Sciences"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3203|Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223218719",
  "pdf_url": "https://osf.io/5dnce/download",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-22",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/99p4bmtg7xyxm.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:40Z",
      "native_id": "5dnce",
      "source": "osf",
      "url": "https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/5dnce_v1/"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "bepress:Cognitive Neuroscience",
      "subfield": "neuroscience"
    },
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "bepress:Clinical Psychology",
      "subfield": "psychiatry"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Impaired Updating and Maintenance of Latent Structural Associations Underlie Cognitive Inflexibility along an Obsessive–Compulsive Dimension",
  "title_text": "Impaired Updating and Maintenance of Latent Structural Associations Underlie Cognitive Inflexibility along an Obsessive–Compulsive Dimension",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:40Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/99p4bmtg7xyxm",
  "venue": "PsyArXiv",
  "versions": []
}