{
  "abstract": "Objective: The parent–child relationship in early childhood is closely linked to children's physical and psychological development. Although parental physical activity has been associated with favorable psychological outcomes, little is known about how it relates to the parent–child relationship or about the potential roles of emotion regulation and subjective wellbeing. Accordingly, this study used structural equation modeling to examine the hypothesized direct and indirect associations among these variables.\n\nMethods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among 719 parents recruited through convenience and snowball sampling in six Chinese cities, including Chengdu, Suining, Meishan, Lanzhou, Xianyang, and Xi'an. All study variables were assessed by the same parent using the Physical Activity Rating Scale, the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, the Brief Subjective Wellbeing Scale for Chinese Citizens, and the Child-Parent Relationship Scale. Data were analyzed using covariance-based structural equation modeling in AMOS 23.0. Complementary PROCESS Model 6 analyses based on observed composite scores were conducted in SPSS 29.0.\n\nResults: (1) Parental physical activity was positively associated with the parent–child relationship, and the direct path between the two variables was statistically significant (β = 0.143, p < 0.001). (2) The completely standardized indirect estimate through emotion regulation was 0.041 (95% CI [0.020, 0.065]), while the estimate through subjective wellbeing was 0.050 (95% CI [0.030, 0.074]). The serial indirect estimate was 0.015 (95% CI [0.008, 0.023]).\n\nConclusion: Higher levels of parental physical activity were associated with higher emotion regulation scores, greater subjective wellbeing, and a more positive parent–child relationship.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Football Sports, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu , ,",
    "School of Sport and Health Sciences, Sichuan Technology and Business University , ,"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xiaogang Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Keyong Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Junmin Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Shuiyou Hu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jianqiang Tian"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9cjks1sc7sf8t.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1771516",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13719594/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "9cjks1sc7sf8t",
  "issns": [
    "1664-1078"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13719594",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3203|Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7222663374",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13719594/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13719594",
  "pmid": "42964199",
  "published": "2026-10-16",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9cjks1sc7sf8t.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:21:36Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13719594",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13719594"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-02T12:23:32Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13719594",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1771516"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:3203|Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development",
      "subfield": "psychiatry"
    }
  ],
  "title": "The association between parental physical activity and the parent–child relationship in early childhood: the serial mediating roles of emotion regulation and subjective wellbeing",
  "title_text": "The association between parental physical activity and the parent–child relationship in early childhood: the serial mediating roles of emotion regulation and subjective wellbeing",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-03T12:20:37Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9cjks1sc7sf8t",
  "venue": "Frontiers in psychology",
  "versions": []
}