{
  "abstract": "Ageing is a major biological context for late-onset Alzheimer disease (AD), but its relationship with AD neuroinflammation remains incompletely understood. This review compares immune and glial changes in physiological brain ageing and AD using single-cell, single-nucleus, and spatial transcriptomic studies of human tissue and experimental models. Interferon response, phagocytic, and lipid-handling gene programs recur in both settings, while their cellular sources and spatial distributions vary with brain region, genotype, and pathology. Myelin-associated responses in aged white matter and plaque-associated glial environments in AD show how similar programs occur around different substrates. Tau-associated and vascular changes provide further tissue contexts for comparison. Most human studies are cross-sectional, so molecular similarity or spatial co-occurrence cannot establish functional equivalence or a causal progression from ageing to AD. Combining expression profiles with genetic perturbation, cellular function, and tissue localization can guide mechanistic testing and biomarker development.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710126, China"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 3,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jingjing Guan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xiao Li",
      "orcid": "0009-0009-3873-7167"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Liyu Huang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9dbc9eqngbdhx.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/biom16111562",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "9dbc9eqngbdhx",
  "issns": [
    "2218-273X"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/16/11/1562",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2808|Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223824028",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-26",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9dbc9eqngbdhx.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:59Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/biom16111562",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/16/11/1562"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2808|Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms",
      "subfield": "neurology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Single-Cell and Spatial Transcriptomic Perspectives on Brain Ageing and Alzheimer Disease Neuroinflammation: Shared Programs and Disease-Related Reorganization",
  "title_text": "Single-Cell and Spatial Transcriptomic Perspectives on Brain Ageing and Alzheimer Disease Neuroinflammation: Shared Programs and Disease-Related Reorganization",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:59Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9dbc9eqngbdhx",
  "venue": "Biomolecules",
  "versions": []
}