{
  "abstract": "Background\n\nArtificial intelligence (AI), mainly AI-driven chatbots and large language models (LLMs) is reshaping dental education through adaptive, interactive, and simulation-based learning. While the transition in technology has been rapid, the evidence about the educational effectiveness of these technologies is still very diverse and not entirely directed.Aim\n\nTo analyze the roles, educational effectiveness, and impact of integrating AI-driven chatbots and LLMs in dental education at the university level with a focus on learning outcomes and implementation practices.Methods\n\nThe researchers conducted a thorough search of the electronic databases PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase for articles published from January 2018 to November 2025. This review met the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 criteria and was made up of original research articles on dental studentsand educators who were using AI-based chatbots as interventions. The outcomes measured were knowledge gain, clinical reasoning, diagnostic accuracy, communication skills, and engagement of learners. Due to the differences in the methodologies used the authors opted for a narrative synthesis approach.Results\n\nSix studies met the eligibility criteria and showed potential benefits of AI-driven chatbots and LLMs for diagnostic reasoning, learning performance, engagement, and individualized feedback although methodological and outcome heterogeneity limited direct comparison.Conclusion\n\nAI-driven chatbots and LLMs may complement university-level dental education, but their effectiveness and safe implementation require further rigorous evaluation.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology Dayananda Sagar College of Dental Sciences Kumaraswamy Layout Bangalore 560111 India dayanandasagar.edu.",
    "Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences College of Dentistry, Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Science Research Ajman University Al Jurf, P.O. Box 346 Ajman UAE ajman.ac.ae.",
    "Department of Oral Pathology Dayananda Sagar College of Dental Sciences Kumaraswamy Layout Bangalore 560111 India dayanandasagar.edu.",
    "Department of Clinical Science College of Dentistry, Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Science Research Al Jurf, P.O. Box 346 Ajman UAE.",
    "Oral Medicine and Radiology Department of Dental Surgery CAPFIMS AIIMS New Delhi India aiims.edu."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ramnarayan B K",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4957-573X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Raghad Hashim",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5895-6131"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Krishnanand P S",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-1673-4194"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Vidya M A",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7317-3111"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Alexander Maniangat Luke",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5885-7694"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Usha C",
      "orcid": "0009-0008-1781-981X"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9dj8330d8eag6.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1155/ijod/6612348",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13724151",
  "id": "9dj8330d8eag6",
  "issns": [
    "1687-8728",
    "1687-8736"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42968879",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Article"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Research Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2718|Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7225058672",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13724151?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13724151",
  "pmid": "42968879",
  "published": "2026-11-01",
  "publisher": "Wiley",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9dj8330d8eag6.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-03T15:20:53Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42968879",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42968879"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T12:22:39Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13724151",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1155/ijod/6612348"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2718|Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Applications of Artificial Intelligence-Driven Chatbots in University Level Dental Education: A Systematic Review.",
  "title_text": "Applications of Artificial Intelligence-Driven Chatbots in University Level Dental Education: A Systematic Review.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-05T12:20:50Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/9dj8330d8eag6",
  "venue": "International journal of dentistry",
  "versions": []
}